Mediterranean Diet and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A Practical Approach

Pérez-Torres, Almudena; Caverni-Muñoz, Alberto; González, Elena

doi:10.3390/nu15010097

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Weight loss and RAAS blockers have a protective effect on obesityrelated CKD (21). Mediterranean diet (MD) can lead to weight loss in obesity and may preserve renal function and delay CKD progression in overweight/obese adults for its in uence on endothelial function, in ammation, lipid pro le and blood pressure (22,23). However, weight loss and homeostatic disturbances of both energy and protein balances are characteristics of several illnesses including cancer, heart failure, and CKD (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between frailty and chronic kidney disease: Findings from CHARLS

Yuan,

liu

2024

Preprint

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Objectives: To investigate prevalence of frailty in CKD individuals and the relationship between frailty and CKD based on a large, nationally representative survey. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Participants: The participants were 4231 adults aged ≥50 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Measurements: Based on the FRAIL scale, frailty and prefrailty were defined. CKD was defined as eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73m2, calculated according to the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation, or self-reported CKD. Logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the cross-sectional relationship between frailty and CKD. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the effect of frail status and frail components on CKD. Results: We found that prevalence of frailty in CKD individuals was 13.9% while in patients without CKD was 8.4%. The prevalence of CKD in robust group was 6.0%, in prefrail group was 10.1% and in frail group was 14.0%. In frail status, after adjusted, the incidence of CKD was 1.713 (95% CI 1.109-2.646) in the frail group compared with robust group (P =0.015). While there was no statistical difference in the incidence of CKD among the prefrail group and robust group. In frail components, after adjusted, weight loss was associated with higher risk of CKD [HR (95% CI): 1.617 (1.170-2.235)]. Conclusion: The prevalence of frailty was relatively high in the population. In frail status, both prefrail and frail were associated with a higher risk of CKD. In frail components, weight loss was associated with an increase incidence of CKD. Frailty is reversible, so early identification of frailty may reduce the incidence of CKD and improve the adverse consequences associated with CKD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between frailty and chronic kidney disease: Findings from CHARLS

Yuan,

liu

2024

Preprint

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“…The main recommendations of the Mediterranean diet in part meet the needs of the subject with CKD, such as a reduction in meat consumption, contributing to reduced animal protein intake; the use of plant-based foods, increasing consumption of plant-based proteins; the presence of high amount of fibers, vitamins, alkali and polyphenols, contributing to gut microbiota homeostasis and preventing inflammation; the use of extra virgin olive oil, rich in energy deriving from fats of vegetable origin and rich in polyphenols [23,24]. Some concerns remain on the potential risk of hyperkalemia linked to the high prevalence of plantbased foods.…”

Section: Mediterranean Diet and Kidney Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Adjusted for CKD Patients: The MedRen Diet

2023

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A number of studies in the general population showed that healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean Diet, can improve or prevent the development of several chronic diseases and are associated with a significant reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The Mediterranean diet may also have favorable effects for the prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but no evidence of renoprotection exists in CKD patients. The Mediterranean Renal (MedRen) diet is an adaptation of the Mediterranean diet recommendations comprising a quantitative reduction in the RDA values of protein, salt and phosphate intake for the general population. Hence, MedRen supplies 0.8 g/Kg of protein, 6 g of salt and less than 800 mg of phosphate daily. Obviously, there is a preference for products of plant origin, which contain more alkali, fibers, unsaturated fatty acids than animal-based food. The MedRen diet can be implemented easily in mild-to-moderate stages of CKD with good results, both in terms of adherence to prescriptions and metabolic compensation. In our opinion, it should be the first step of CKD stage 3 nutritional management. This paper describes the features and reports our experience in the implementation of the MedRen diet as an early nutritional approach to CKD.

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“…Poultry, red meat and eggs are limited but not entirely excluded. It has many physiological benefits, including improve blood pressure control, lipid profile, reduce systemic inflammation and maintain body weight [56]. A recent review summarized all cohort studies and observed a benefit in lowering the risk of albuminuria, incident chronic kidney disease or slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease with better adherence to Med diet.…”

Section: Healthy Dietary Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and nutrition in chronic kidney disease

Wang

March

Burton

2023

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of reviewLifestyle intervention is considered a cornerstone in chronic kidney disease management and has been recommended in different international or regional clinical practice guidelines in chronic kidney disease. However, evidence was largely based on the general population. Here we summarized the latest evidence supporting lifestyle intervention in chronic kidney disease.Recent findingsBoth observational cohort studies as well as randomized controlled trials have demonstrated health benefits with more physical activity in chronic kidney disease. There are compelling observational data supporting different health and kidney benefits with a healthy dietary pattern rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, plant-based foods and low in salt, low in sugar, saturated fat, red meat and ultraprocessed foods, a plant-based diet or Mediterranean diet in chronic kidney disease population. Clinical and epidemiologic studies also showed that higher 24 h urine potassium excretion (as proxy of higher dietary potassium intake) may be associated with lower blood pressure, better kidney outcomes and lower mortality in chronic kidney disease population. Randomized controlled trials also suggested that salt substitutes improved blood pressure control, reduced all-cause death and cardiovascular event risk in the general population compared with regular salt.SummaryAccumulating evidence supports the current recommendation of encouraging physical activity and promoting a healthy dietary pattern in chronic kidney disease patients. Whether potassium needs restriction in chronic kidney disease diet requires further review. The safety versus benefits of salt substitutes in patients with moderate and advanced chronic kidney disease warrants further investigation.

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Mediterranean Diet and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A Practical Approach

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Association between frailty and chronic kidney disease: Findings from CHARLS

Association between frailty and chronic kidney disease: Findings from CHARLS

Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Adjusted for CKD Patients: The MedRen Diet

Physical activity and nutrition in chronic kidney disease

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