Mediterranean Diet and Prevention of Chronic Diseases

Romagnolo, Donato F.; Selmin, Ornella I.

doi:10.1097/nt.0000000000000228

Cited by 145 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The majority of reported cases are from Europe (Spain,4 6 Italy,7 France2 and Portugal5). This can possibly be due to a Mediterranean diet, in which goats and sheep are the main source of animal fat, and are commonly used as sources of cheese and yoghurt 13. To our knowledge, this is the first case in Canada, and the third case in North America8 14 to report a patient who is unreactive to cow’s milk, but reactive towards goat’s and sheep’s milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Anaphylaxis to goat/sheep’s milk in a 4-year-old boy tolerant to cow’s milk

et al. 2020

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Immune-mediated reactions to dairy products may vary depending on the mammalian source. We present a case of anaphylaxis to goat/sheep's milk with tolerance to cow’s milk. A 4-year-old boy of Eastern European descent presented with gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms within minutes after eating a goat/sheep’s milk-derived food product. The tryptase level measured 1 hour post initial symptoms and 1 month after the allergic reaction were 14.6 µg/L and 5.1 µg/L, respectively (norm: 0.0–13.5 µg/L), confirming the diagnosis of anaphylaxis. A skin prick test performed 1 month after the reaction was highly positive for goat/sheep’s milk, but negative for cow’s milk. Skin prick tests may establish a life-threatening goat/sheep’s milk allergy. Goat/sheep’s milk allergy should always be considered in cow’s milk-tolerant patients who present with an allergic reaction to dairy products, or when undergoing/have completed of oral immunotherapy for cow’s milk allergy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Anaphylaxis to goat/sheep’s milk in a 4-year-old boy tolerant to cow’s milk

et al. 2020

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“…However, people do not consume nutrients or foods in isolation. The importance of accounting for the effect of diet as a whole has been emphasized increasingly over the past several years (1,2,16,33). Using a dietary index to quantify the in ammatory potential of the whole diet may increase the robustness and validity in detecting the relation to disease (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory potential of diet and risk of incident knee osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study

Liu

Hébert

Shivappa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background To examine the relation between inflammatory potential of diet and incident knee osteoarthritis (OA) and the role of BMI in the association of interest. Methods In the Osteoarthritis Initiative, the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DIITM) scores were calculated based on the Block Brief 2000 Food Frequency Questionnaire and categorized into sex-specific quartiles. Outcomes were incident: (1) radiographic knee OA (ROA) (i.e., a KL grade ≥2), (2) symptomatic knee OA (SxOA) (i.e., a combination of a frequent knee pain and ROA). We fitted generalized estimating equation models to examine the association between E-DII scores and incident knee OA. We performed mediation analyses to assess potential mediation by BMI in the DII-OA relation. Results Over a 48-month follow-up period, 232 and 978 knees developed ROA and SxOA, respectively. Compared with the lowest (most anti-inflammatory) E-DII quartile, the odds ratio (OR) of incident ROA for the highest (most pro-inflammatory) E-DII quartile was 1.73 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15 to 2.62, Ptrend= 0.007). The corresponding OR for SxOA was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.16 to 1.76, Ptrend = 0.001). The DII-OA association was significantly mediated via BMI with an indirect effect of 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04,1.13) for ROA and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.16) for SxOA, accounting for 20.4% and 44.5% of total effect, respectively. Conclusions A higher inflammatory potential of diet increased the risk of knee OA. The association was significantly mediated via BMI. Targeting inflammatory potential of diet may be beneficial to reduce risk of knee OA.

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“…A recent meta-analysis revealed that a higher intake of fruit, especially berries and green leafy vegetables, yellow vegetables and cruciferous vegetables or their fibre, is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (152) . Health benefits have also been observed with the Mediterranean diet (154,155) , a diet which contains an abundance of fruit and vegetables. While the beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables on diabetes risk are likely to be multiple, these foods are the primary dietary source of carotenoids including lutein and zeaxanthin, highlighting their consumption as a key determinant of MPOD.…”

Section: Dietary Determinants Of Macular Pigment Optical Density In Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the putative causal mechanisms associated with lower macular pigment in diabetes mellitus

et al. 2019

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Macular pigment (MP) confers potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects at the macula, and may therefore protect retinal tissue from the oxidative stress and inflammation associated with ocular disease and ageing. There is a body of evidence implicating oxidative damage and inflammation as underlying pathological processes in diabetic retinopathy. MP has therefore become a focus of research in diabetes, with recent evidence suggesting that individuals with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, have lower MP relative to healthy controls. The present review explores the currently available evidence to illuminate the metabolic perturbations that may possibly be involved in MP's depletion. Metabolic co-morbidities commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as overweight/obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, may have related and independent relationships with MP. Increased adiposity and dyslipidaemia may adversely affect MP by compromising the availability, transport and assimilation of these dietary carotenoids in the retina. Furthermore, carotenoid intake may be compromised by the dietary deficiencies characteristic of type 2 diabetes, thereby further compromising redox homeostasis. Candidate causal mechanisms to explain the lower MP levels reported in diabetes include increased oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, overweight/ obesity and dyslipidaemia; factors that may negatively affect redox status, and the availability, transport and stabilisation of carotenoids in the retina. Further study in diabetic populations is warranted to fully elucidate these relationships.

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Mediterranean Diet and Prevention of Chronic Diseases

Cited by 145 publications

References 82 publications

Anaphylaxis to goat/sheep’s milk in a 4-year-old boy tolerant to cow’s milk

Anaphylaxis to goat/sheep’s milk in a 4-year-old boy tolerant to cow’s milk

Inflammatory potential of diet and risk of incident knee osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study

A review of the putative causal mechanisms associated with lower macular pigment in diabetes mellitus

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