Mediterranean Diet, Its Components, and Amyloid Imaging Biomarkers

Abstract

Findings are consistent with previous studies suggesting that higher adherence to a MeDi pattern and higher vegetable consumption are associated with better neuroimaging biomarker profile. Prospective studies are needed to validate current findings.

Meat Consumption, Cognitive Function and Disorders: A Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis and Meta-Analysis

“…However, Luciano et al found no associations of meat intake with cortical thickness and volume in the Scottish Lothian birth cohort with following up for 7 years [61]. In addition, the Mayo clinic study of aging (MCSA) observed no associations between meat consumption and Aβ abnormality among 278 older participants [62]. Therefore, whether meat intake is in relation to changes of brain volume or Aβ deposit remains unclear.…”

Nutrients in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Two cross-sectional studies in the American population found an association between higher adherence to a MeDi pattern and lower 11C-PiB PET scan measurements of A β deposition as well as higher glucose metabolism as observed by FDG-PET scans [61, 62]. Higher MeDi adherence was also associated with reduced cerebral A β accumulation over time (up to 3 years) in a longitudinal study performed by Rainey-Smith et al on older Australian adults classified as “A β accumulators” and thus considered to be on the way to AD [63].…”

Adherence to Healthy Diet Can Delay Alzheimer’s Diseases Development: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Whereas unhealthy diets, constituting refined grains, sweetened desserts, high fat dairy products, and processed/red meat, have been associated with a higher risk of AD ( Olsson et al, 2015 ; Samadi et al, 2020 ). The main healthy dietary patterns identified in respect to risk of AD, include the MD ( Scarmeas et al, 2006a ; Scarmeas et al, 2006b ; Scarmeas et al, 2009b ; Gu et al, 2010a ; Gu et al, 2010b ; Gardener et al, 2012 ; Morris et al, 2015 ; Olsson et al, 2015 ; Hill et al, 2018 ; Vassilaki et al, 2018 ), dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet ( Morris et al, 2015 ), Mediterranean-DASH intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet ( Morris et al, 2015 ), healthy eating index (HEI) diet ( Eskelinen et al, 2011 ; Olsson et al, 2015 ), seafood-rich diet ( Morris et al, 2003b ; Devore et al, 2009 ; Morris et al, 2016 ), soy-based diet ( Ozawa et al, 2013 ), and low-fat diet and high-protein diet ( Olsson et al, 2015 ; Fernando et al, 2018 ; Hill et al, 2018 ).…”

“…A healthy diet is recognized to have beneficial anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic effects, which may in turn induce anti-neurodegenerative benefits ( Seeram, 2006 ; Berti et al, 2015 ). Therefore, healthy diets (including DASH, MD, MIND, seafood-rich, HEI, soy-based, capsaicin-rich, and low-fat and high-protein diets) may reduce oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and accumulation of amyloid-β ( Morris et al, 2003a ; Morris et al, 2003b ; Scarmeas et al, 2006a ; Scarmeas et al, 2006b ; Devore et al, 2009 ; Scarmeas et al, 2009b ; Gu et al, 2010a ; Gardener et al, 2012 ; Ozawa et al, 2013 ; Olsson et al, 2015 ; Morris et al, 2015 ; Morris et al, 2016 ; Fernando et al, 2018; Hill et al, 2018 ; Vassilaki et al, 2018 ). Moreover, few studies have focused on the ability of unhealthy diets, particularly diets high in fat and sugar-sweetened beverages, to promote oxidative stress, inflammation, and the developing of amyloid-β and, consequentially, AD ( Morris et al, 2003b ; Laitinen et al, 2006 ; Luchsinger et al, 2007 ; Gu et al, 2011 ; Ylilauri et al, 2017 ; Hill et al, 2018 ).…”

“…The MD diet was the most frequently investigated healthy diet in this study ( Scarmeas et al, 2006a ; Scarmeas et al, 2006b ; Scarmeas et al, 2009b ; Gu et al, 2010a ; Gardener et al, 2012 ; Vassilaki et al, 2018 ) regarding the decrease in risk of AD. Morris et al (2015) demonstrated that high adherence to a DASH diet or MD, and moderate adherence to a MIND diet could reduce the incidence of AD.…”