Medium term effects of a ketogenic diet and a Mediterranean diet on resting energy expenditure and respiratory ratio

Paoli, Antonio; Grimaldi, Keith; Bianco, Antonino; Lodi, Alessandra; Cenci, Lorenzo; Parmagnani, Andrea

doi:10.1186/1753-6561-6-s3-p37

Cited by 29 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, there is no direct evidence to support the theory and actually on the contrary, according to a recent study (24), there actually may not be any changes in resting energy expenditure during or after a KD. Another possibility is that increased weight loss is caused by appetite suppression as a result of the higher satiety effect of proteins, and this also may involve changes in levels of appetite hormones and/or a direct appetite suppression action of the KB themselves (19).…”

Section: Effects Of Kd On Body Fat and Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Ketogenic Diet and Sport

Paoli

Bianco

Grimaldi

2015

Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews

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Section: Effects Of Kd On Body Fat and Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Ketogenic Diet and Sport

Paoli

Bianco

Grimaldi

2015

Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews

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“…Gluconeogenesis is an energy-demanding process calculated at approximately 400–600 Kcal/day (due to both endogenous and food source proteins [29]. There is however no direct experimental evidence to support this intriguing hypothesis, on the contrary a recent study reported that there were no changes in resting energy expenditure after a VLCKD [31]. Some authors claim instead that the results obtained with ketogenic diets could be attributed to a reduction in appetite due to higher satiety effect of proteins [29,32] or to some effects on appetite control hormones [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Term Successful Weight Loss with a Combination Biphasic Ketogenic Mediterranean Diet and Mediterranean Diet Maintenance Protocol

et al. 2013

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Weight loss protocols can only be considered successful if they deliver consistent results over the long term—a goal which is often elusive, so much so that the term “yo-yo” is used to describe the perennial weight loss/weight regain battle common in obesity. We hypothesized that a ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phytoextracts (KEMEPHY) combined with the acknowledged health benefits of traditional Mediterranean nutrition may favor long term weight loss. We analysed 89 male and female obese subjects, aged between 25 and 65 years who were overall healthy apart from being overweight. The subjects followed a staged diet protocol over a period of 12 months: 20 day of KEMEPHY; 20 days low carb-non ketogenic; 4 months Mediterranean normocaloric nutrition; a second 20 day ketogenic phase followed by 6 months of Mediterranean normocaloric nutrition. For the majority of subjects (88.25%) there was significant loss of weight (from 100.7 ± 16.54 to 84.59 ± 9.71 kg; BMI from 35.42 ± 4.11 to 30.27 ± 3.58) and body fat (form 43.44% ± 6.34% to 33.63% ± 7.6%) during both ketogenic phases followed by successful maintenance, without weight regain, during the 6 month stabilization phase with only 8 subjects failing to comply. There were also significant and stable decreases in total cholesterol, LDLc, triglycerides and glucose levels over the 12 month study period. HDLc showed small increases after the ketogenic phases but over the full 12 months there was no significant change. No significant changes were observed in ALT, AST, Creatinine or BUN. The combination of a biphasic KEMEPHY diet separated by longer periods of maintenance nutrition, based on the traditional Mediterranean diet, led to successful long term weight loss and improvements in health risk factors in a majority of subjects; compliance was very high which was a key determinant of the results seen.

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“…cortisol, catecholamines and thyroid hormone), which could increase metabolism (Schuenke et al, 2002); 4) the increased protein resynthesis due to postexercise muscle damage is energy expensive (approximately 20% increase in resting metabolism) (MacDougall et al, 1995) and could contribute to greater EPOC after high-intensity resistance training (Binzen et al, 2001;Gasier et al, 2012); Moreover, an important effect of high-intensity exercise is the improvement in utilization of fatty acids instead of glucose that could lead to a getter utilization of fat stores. Fasting or very low carbohydrate diet can lead to a decrease in RER (Paoli et al, 2012a(Paoli et al, ,b, 2013a, but also training can have the same result (Paoli et al, 2011(Paoli et al, , 2012a. The respiratory exchange ratio (i.e.…”

Section: Effects Of Exercise Intensity On Weight Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lift weights to fight overweight

Paoli

Moro

Bianco

2014

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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Although resistance training (RT) has long been accepted as a means for developing and maintaining muscular strength, endurance, power and muscle mass, its beneficial relationship with health factors and chronic disease has only recently been recognized in the scientific literature. Prior to 1990, resistance training was not a part of the recommended guidelines for exercise training and rehabilitation for either the American Heart Association or the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). In 1990, the ACSM recognized resistance training as a significant component of a comprehensive fitness programme for healthy adults of all ages, a position subsequently confirmed few years after. At present, even though interest in clinical applications of RT is increasing, there are still some concerns, among physicians, about the use of this exercise methodology in weight control programmes. This review aims to explore the metabolic effects of RT and its efficacy and feasibility in overweight subjects.

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Medium term effects of a ketogenic diet and a Mediterranean diet on resting energy expenditure and respiratory ratio

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

The Ketogenic Diet and Sport

The Ketogenic Diet and Sport

Long Term Successful Weight Loss with a Combination Biphasic Ketogenic Mediterranean Diet and Mediterranean Diet Maintenance Protocol

Lift weights to fight overweight

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