Medroxyprogesterone-encapsulated poly(3-hydroxybutirate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nanoparticles using supercritical fluid extraction of emulsions

Abstract

In this work, was investigate the effect of the molecular weight of poly(3hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) on the preparation of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) using the supercritical fluid extraction of emulsions (SFEE) technique.Particles with diameters between 850 nm-183 nm were obtained using PHBV of molar mass reduced and variable between 210 KDa to 14 KDa, thus establishing a direct relation between the size of the PNPs prepared with SFEE and the molar mass of the polymer. These results were contrasted with those obtained with the conventional emulsion solvent evaporation (ESE) technique. PNPs prepared by SFEE were observed to be smaller than those produced by ESE, for all polymer molecular weights (MW) studied. The encapsulation efficiency (EE%) of MPA in the PNPs preparedwith the SFEE technique, and with the lowest MWPHBVwas determined to be 70%. The in vitro release kinetics for this systemindicated that themean time for 35% release of MPA was 18h. Both a first and a second-order kinetics models provide a good fit to the release profile of MPA from the PHBV PNPs.Cellular viability results indicate low toxicity profiles of the PHBV PNPs prepared with the SFEE technique, even at high PNP concentrations.

Nanoparticles and Nanocrystals by Supercritical CO2-Assisted Techniques for Pharmaceutical Applications: A Review

“…On the other hand, solvents such as acetone have a narrow pressure range to switch from two-phase to single-phase mixing; in this case, nanoparticles generally precipitate [109,110]. The SFEE technique, which combines the advantages of traditional emulsion-based technologies (e.g., surface properties) with the advantages of scCO 2 -assisted processes (e.g., shorter processing time and final product high purity) allows easily obtaining nanoparticles [25][26][27]40,111,112]. The SFEE technology also allows processing of substances in continuous mode.…”

“…Nanoparticles and nanocrystals containing APIs can be obtained with different techniques, such as spray-drying, freeze-drying, coacervation, jet-milling, and solvent evaporation [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. However, toxic organic solvents are widely used in these traditional processes; high temperatures and long postprocess treatments are also employed to remove liquid solvents from the particles/crystals produced.…”

“…Currently, more than 50 nanoparticlebased formulations have been approved for clinical use and marketed for the treatment of cancer, rare genetic diseases, and fungi, such as anesthetics and others [15,[18][19][20]. Nanoparticles and nanocrystals containing APIs can be obtained with different techniques, such as spray-drying, freeze-drying, coacervation, jet-milling, and solvent evaporation [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. However, toxic organic solvents are widely used in these traditional processes; high temperatures and long postprocess treatments are also employed to remove liquid solvents from the particles/crystals produced.…”

Microencapsulation and Nanoencapsulation Using Supercritical Fluid (SCF) Techniques

“…Table 3 shows examples of microencapsulated and nanoencapsulated formulations produced using the SFEE process. Active ingredients ranging from low-bioavailability hydrophobic drugs [66,67,68] to model proteins [69] and even oils [70] can be encapsulated using this method.…”

Phase Behavior Data and Thermodynamic Modeling of the Binary System {Co2 + Coumarin} at High Pressures

“…The apparatus used in this work consisted of a high-pressure variable-volume cell, following the static synthetic method. Methodology and apparatus were described in previous works (Ferreira et al, 2013;Giufrida et al, 2014;Giufrida et al, 2016;Pinto et al, 2013;Zanette et al, 2014). Maximum internal volume of the equilibrium cell was 25 cm 3 , internal cell diameter was 1.8 cm and contained a movable piston.…”