Medulloblastoma in the setting of megalencephaly polymicrogyria polydactyly hydrocephalus

Hadzipasic, Muhamed; Karsten, Madeline B; Olson, Heather E.; Rodan, Lance H.; Lidov, Hart G.W.; Prabhu, Sanjay P.; Wright, Karen; Fehnel, Katie

doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.62125

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, there were some repeated associations in these cases. Medulloblastoma was reported in two cases [ 11 , 15 ]. At the same time, Chiari Type 1 malformation was also seen in two cases [ 4 , 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Megalencephaly Polymicrogyria Polydactyly Hydrocephalus (MPPH): A Case Report and Review of Literature

Ortíz¹,

Ruxmohan²,

Khurana³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Megacephaly polymicrogyria, polydactyly, hydrocephalus (MPPH) is an extremely rare condition caused by a defect in the AKT3, CCND2, or PIKR2 genes. Although the prevalence of the syndrome is very low, there is a significant clinical and radiological variation in the syndrome. We present a case with MPPH admitted to the hospital due to an increase in seizure frequency. The patient had a history of cerebral palsy, global developmental delay, spasticity, and hypoglycemic episodes. MRI findings revealed ventriculomegaly, polymicrogyria, abnormal encephalon, and pachygyria. The addition of clobazam and alprazolam diminished the seizures' frequency and the patient's spasticity, respectively. To highlight the clinical and radiological variation of the syndrome, we review cases of MPPH with clinical and radiological variants. Pachygyria and cerebral palsy are new associations not previously described before in MPPH. Pachygyria and cerebral palsy could be worsening the seizures and the global delay in this patient. Hypoglycemic episodes are probably related to the AKT3 gene, promoting more glucose consumption. Spasticity is most probably related to an upper motor sign due to the patient's cerebral palsy. This case highlights the clinical and radiological variation of the syndrome. More cases of MPPH need to be described to consolidate the knowledge and have a better understanding of the clinical and radiological variation of the syndrome.

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