Medulloblastoma

Abstract

Among the pediatric brain tumors, medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common solid variety and entirely occur in the posterior fossa with tendency to seed into CSF spaces. Despite innovations in technological developments and understanding of tumor biology, modern imaging facilities, advances in surgical practices, and newer chemotherapeutic and radiation techniques, this malignant type of tumor continues to be a formidable entity. Even though, the outcome in terms of survival rate is better than any time before, the overall result is still disappointing. With advances in management strategy, chances of survival with good quality of life have been amplified, where newer targeted therapies and rehabilitation plays an immense role. While the adverse effects of surgery and adjuvant therapies are still on play, researchers are trying ceaselessly to minimize those to give maximum wellbeing to these unfortunate children.

Efficacy of dual‐task training on stability and function in children with ataxia after medulloblastoma resection: A randomized controlled trial

“…The following were the inclusion requirements: (a) age from 5 to 10 years (the selected age is based on the fact that about 70% of childhood MBs occur in the first decade and are diagnosed underage of 10, with a median age of diagnosis being 7) 1,23,24 ; (b) severity score for ataxia from 15 to 30 on the Scale of Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA); (c) recruited within 2 months from MB resection; (d) they could stand and walk alone or with minimal assistance; (e) they were well‐aware, compliant, and able to comprehend and follow test instructions; and (g) they were medically stable. CMS might be included, but after mutism had improved and they could talk.…”

“…Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common brain tumors in children 1 . Children with MB commonly have obstructive hydrocephalus or cerebellar dysfunction symptoms, including headache, nausea, abnormal gait, and instability 2 .…”

“…Children with MB commonly have obstructive hydrocephalus or cerebellar dysfunction symptoms, including headache, nausea, abnormal gait, and instability 2 . The standard treatment of MB is maximal safe resection, followed by craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and chemotherapy 1 …”

“…The exact time of items 4-10 and 13 is recorded in addition to scoring 31. Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) shows high interrater reliability (ICC[3,1] = .997). No significant difference observed between total test and retest scores on the PBS (p = .2733, Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test).…”

WNT-Activated Medulloblastoma in A 6-Year-Old Boy

“…2 In the United States, approximately 350 new pediatric cases of medulloblastoma are diagnosed every year, which represents about 30% of all pediatric brain tumors and 7-10% of all brain tumors. 3 The incidence of medulloblastoma is estimated to be 0.7 per 100 000 children per year with a male predominance, wherein the relative risk is 1.5 times higher in males. They can also occur in adults, although more than 70% of all medulloblastoma cases are found in children younger than 18 years old.…”