Meep: A flexible free-software package for electromagnetic simulations by the FDTD method

Oskooi, Ardavan; Roundy, David; Ibanescu, Mihai; Bermel, Peter; Joannopoulos, John D.; Johnson, Steven G.

doi:10.1016/j.cpc.2009.11.008

Cited by 2,417 publications

(1,507 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This judicious engineering of the GPH resonator therefore allows both selective excitation of the radiative mode-which is never the natural lasing mode in a photonic resonator-and engineering of the output power efficiency. This qualitative analysis is supported by numerical simulations performed within a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) approach 26 . Figure 2c,d,e shows the transverse magnetic field component (H y ) along the cross-section of a device for the first two confined radiative modes, as well as the first delocalized nonradiative mode.…”

Section: Gph Resonators and Absorbing Boundariesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The photonic band structures of standard second-order DFB lasers were calculated by solving the 3D Helmholtz equation with Bloch periodic boundary conditions, using the commercial software Comsol Multiphysics. The quality factors of DFB and GPH lasers with finite ridge length were calculated by FDTD simulations, using the freely available package MEEP 26 . We performed two-dimensional FDTD simulations, considering an infinitely wide waveguide with absorbing boundary conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient power extraction in surface-emitting semiconductor lasers using graded photonic heterostructures

et al. 2012

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symmetric and antisymmetric band-edge modes exist in distributed feedback surface-emitting semiconductor lasers, with the dominant difference being the radiation loss. Devices generally operate on the low-loss antisymmetric modes, although the power extraction efficiency is low. Here we develop graded photonic heterostructures, which localize the symmetric mode in the device centre and confine the antisymmetric modes close to the laser facet. This modal spatial separation is combined with absorbing boundaries to increase the antisymmetric mode loss, and force device operation on the symmetric mode, with elevated radiation efficiency. Application of this concept to terahertz quantum cascade lasers leads to record-high peakpower surface emission ( > 100 mW) and differential efficiencies (230 mW A − 1 ), together with low-divergence, single-lobed emission patterns, and is also applicable to continuous-wave operation. such flexible tuning of the radiation loss using graded photonic heterostructures, with only a minimal influence on threshold current, is highly desirable for optimizing secondorder distributed feedback lasers.

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Section: Gph Resonators and Absorbing Boundariesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient power extraction in surface-emitting semiconductor lasers using graded photonic heterostructures

et al. 2012

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“…Therefore, the possible generated nonlinear polarizations at the SH frequencies inside the GaAs nano-resonators are , 2 ∝ 2 (2) , , 2 ∝ 2 (2) and , 2 ∝ 2 (2) . We performed our nonlinear simulation using a freely available finite difference time-domain software package 39 and the details can be found in Supporting Information (Section 4). Although for an x-axis polarized and normally incident pump, and are the main components of the fundamental field inside the resonators (see Supporting Information, Section 5), we performed our simulation considering the contributions of all three electric field components for higher accuracy.…”

Section: Resonantly Enhanced Shg In Gaas Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonantly Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation Using III–V Semiconductor All-Dielectric Metasurfaces

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Nonlinear optical phenomena in nanostructured materials have been challenging our perceptions of nonlinear optical processes that have been explored since the invention of lasers. For example, the ability to control optical field confinement, enhancement, and scattering almost independently, allows nonlinear frequency conversion efficiencies to be enhanced by many orders of magnitude compared to bulk materials. Also, the subwavelength length scale renders phase matching issues irrelevant. Compared with plasmonic nanostructures, dielectric resonator metamaterials show great promise for enhanced nonlinear optical processes due to their larger mode volumes. Here, we present, for the first time, resonantly enhanced second-harmonic generation (SHG) using Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) based dielectric metasurfaces. Using arrays of cylindrical resonators we observe SHG enhancement factors as large as 10 4 relative to 2 unpatterned GaAs. At the magnetic dipole resonance we measure an absolute nonlinear conversion efficiency of ~2 × 10 −5 with ~3.4 GW/cm 2 pump intensity. The polarization properties of the SHG reveal that both bulk and surface nonlinearities play important roles in the observed nonlinear process.

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“…5, the absorption efficiency obtained using B-CALM closely matches the analytical value obtained by Mie theory, with a relative error smaller than 5% over the entire simulated spectrum. The simulation speed is 1.82 × 10 10 cells/min for a six-pole dispersion model on a single NVIDIA C-2075 GPU, which is 50 times faster than with Meep [14] on a Quad Core Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5650 processor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an example, we use B-CALM to simulate the absorption cross-section of a gold nanosphere and compare the results with Mie theory. Compared with Mie theory, we obtain an error of less than 5% on a broad spectral range and a 50-fold speedup per card compared to Meep [14], a widely used CPU-based FDTD simulator. In addition, the speed-up is almost linear with respect to the number of cards when the simulation space is large enough.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

B-Calm: An Open-Source Multi-Gpu-Based 3d-FDTD With Multi-Pole Dispersion for Plasmonics

Wahl¹,

Gagnon²,

Erps³

et al. 2013

PIER

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Abstract-Numerical calculations based on finite-difference timedomain (FDTD) simulations for metallic nanostructures in a broad optical spectrum require an accurate modeling of the permittivity of dispersive materials. In this paper, we present the algorithms behind B-CALM (Belgium-CAlifornia Light Machine), an open-source 3D-FDTD solver simultaneously operating on multiple Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) and efficiently utilizing multi-pole dispersion models while hiding latency in inter-GPU memory transfers. Our architecture shows a reduction in computing times for multi-pole dispersion models and an almost linear speed-up with respect to the amount of used GPUs. We benchmark B-CALM by computing the absorption efficiency of a metallic nanosphere in a broad spectral range with a six-pole Lorentz model and compare it with Mie theory and with a widely used Central Processing Unit (CPU)-based FDTD simulator.

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Meep: A flexible free-software package for electromagnetic simulations by the FDTD method

Cited by 2,417 publications

References 53 publications

Efficient power extraction in surface-emitting semiconductor lasers using graded photonic heterostructures

Efficient power extraction in surface-emitting semiconductor lasers using graded photonic heterostructures

Resonantly Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation Using III–V Semiconductor All-Dielectric Metasurfaces

B-Calm: An Open-Source Multi-Gpu-Based 3d-FDTD With Multi-Pole Dispersion for Plasmonics

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