“…Similarly, successful conductors, more comfortable in front of performing groups, often direct their general music classes as if they were choral or instrumental ensembles, à la Whoopi Goldberg in Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit. This phenomenon is hardly surprising considering that "nearly all new music education majors come directly through the middle and high school performing group pipeline," 5 having never participated in a secondary general music class themselves. But more often than not, tracing the history and development of Western music (or a specific genre, e.g., rock and roll) remains the default curriculum used by teachers of middle-level general music.…”