Meeting the challenges and clinical requirements for dental regeneration; the New Zealand experience

Duncan, Warwick; Coates, Dawn

doi:10.1016/j.bone.2021.116181

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The oral cavity is a challenging site to conduct large animal grafting, it would be worthwhile to conduct this research in other skeletal sites for comparison; however, this would have less relevance for dentistry. 25 Previous research has detected PTN in osteoprogenitor cells during bone healing, and it is known to promote adhesion, migration, growth, and differentiation of human osteoprogenitor cells. 31 MDK, which has high homology to PTN, is considered a negative marker for cancer 32 ; however, its role in bone regeneration is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expressions of PTN and MDK were high at 4 weeks, and ideally a study to investigate earlier time‐points could be beneficial. The oral cavity is a challenging site to conduct large animal grafting, it would be worthwhile to conduct this research in other skeletal sites for comparison; however, this would have less relevance for dentistry 25 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatments randomly allocated using a Latin‐square design included Bio‐Oss® bone graft (small particles, Geistlich) with Bio‐Gide® collagen membrane (Geistlich) and sockets without any treatment as control site in each animal. The Bio‐Oss® was firmly packed into the socket and the membrane applied to retain the graft material in place 1,25 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Bio‐Oss® was firmly packed into the socket and the membrane applied to retain the graft material in place. 1 , 25 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Bio-Oss® was firmly packed into the socket and the membrane applied to retain the graft material in place. 1,25 Samples were harvested at three time-points post-surgery (4, 8, and 16 weeks). At each time-point, 10 animals were sacrificed.…”

Section: Treatment Modalities and Allocationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of the pleiotrophin–midkine axis in a sheep tooth socket model of bone healing

Nobakht

Milne

Duncan

et al. 2022

J of Periodontal Research

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Objective and Background Resorption of alveolar bone after tooth extraction is a common problem often requiring bone grafting. The success of the grafting procedures is dependent on multiple factors including the presence of growth factors. This is the first in vivo study to investigate the role of the pleiotrophin family of cytokines in alveolar bone regeneration. This research investigated the role of the pleiotrophin–midkine (PTN–MDK) axis during osteogenesis, with and without a grafting material, after tooth extraction in a sheep model. Methods Thirty Romney‐cross ewes were anesthetized, and all premolar teeth on the right side were extracted. The sockets were randomized to controls sites with no treatment and test sites with Bio‐Oss® graft material and Bio‐Gide® membrane. Samples were harvested after sacrificing animals 4, 8, and 16 weeks post‐grafting (n = 10 per time‐point). Tissue for qRT2‐PCR gene analysis was recovered from the socket next to the first molar using a trephine (Ø = 2 mm). Each socket was fixed, decalcified, paraffin‐embedded, and sectioned. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to localize both PTN and MDK along with their receptors, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1 (PTPRZ1), ALK receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK), and notch receptor 2 (NOTCH2). Results Within the healing sockets, high expression of genes for PTN, MDK, NOTCH2, and ALK was found at all time‐points and in both grafted and non‐grafted sites, while PTPRZ1 was only expressed at low levels. The relative gene expression of the PTN family of cytokines was not statistically different at the three time‐points between test and control groups (p > .05). Immunohistochemistry found PTN and MDK in association with new bone, NOTCH2 in the connective tissue, and PTPRZ1 and ALK in association with cuboidal osteoblasts involved in bone formation. Conclusions The PTN–MDK axis was highly expressed in both non‐grafted and grafted sockets during osteogenesis in a sheep model of alveolar bone regeneration with no evidence that grafting significantly affected expression. The activation of NOTCH2 and PTPRZ1 receptors may be important during bone regeneration in vivo. The discovery of the PTN–MDK axis as important during alveolar bone regeneration is novel and opens up new avenues of research into these stably expressed highly active cytokines. Growth factor supplementation with PTN and/or MDK during healing may be an approach for enhanced regeneration or to initiate healing where delayed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Bio‐Oss® was firmly packed into the socket and the membrane applied to retain the graft material in place. 1 , 25 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Modalities and Allocationsmentioning

confidence: 99%