Megacolon

Ryan, Stewart D.

doi:10.1002/9781118997505.ch41

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…The pathophysiology of megacolon is described as a colonic distension and chronic obstipation that eventually renders the colonic muscle non-functional, leading to irreversible changes in colonic smooth muscle and nerves, and causing inertia. 12 Outlet obstruction will initially result in the development of a hypertrophic megacolon, often reversible with the early removal of the colonic outflow obstruction. 13 The degree of distension and the time needed to produce irreversible changes are unknown, although both are likely to be important factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors have suggested that pelvic osteotomies are only advised if the megacolon has been present for less than 6 months; otherwise, the changes on the colonic wall are deemed to be permanent and subtotal colectomy is the recommended procedure. 3 , 12 However, distraction osteotomy procedures have been reported in two cats with obstipation and constipation of 6 months’ and 8 months’ duration, respectively, both with excellent outcomes. 14 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dynamic chronic rectal obstruction causing a severe colonic dilatation in a cat

Garcia-Pertierra¹,

Gonzalez-Gasch²,

Puyol³

et al. 2017

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summaryA 5-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented to our referral centre with a 13 month history of chronic tenesmus due to malunion of the right caudal iliac body. Constipation and pelvic canal stenosis were initially addressed by the referring veterinarian with a right femoral head and neck excision and a right acetabulectomy without observable clinical improvement. At admission, abdominal radiographs revealed severe colonic distension and a narrowed pelvic canal caused by the right proximal femur. Rectal examination and colonography revealed a dynamic compression of the rectum, which worsened with femoral abduction and improved with femoral adduction. A right hindlimb amputation was performed to relieve the obstruction. The cat defaecated 2 days postoperatively and was discharged uneventfully. Neither faecal tenesmus nor dyschaezia were observed over the following 10 months.Relevance and novel informationThe dynamic nature of the rectal obstruction most likely prevented the development of an irreversible colonic dilatation leading to a megacolon. This is the first report describing a chronic dynamic rectal compression, which was successfully managed with a right hindlimb amputation without the need for subtotal colectomy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%