MEK1/2 differentially participates in GnRH actions on goldfish LH and GH secretion and hormone protein availability: Acute and long-term effects, in vitro

Pemberton, Joshua; Orr, Michael E.; Booth, Morgan; Chang, John P.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.03.017

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…In goldfish, pituitary Lh release is induced by the two endogenous Gnrhs (Gnrh2 and Gnrh3) via Ca ++ -and Pkc-dependent signaling, which also involves Na + -H + exchange (Chang et al, 2000(Chang et al, , 2009Chang and Pemberton, 2018). Likewise, Pi3k and Mek-Erk signaling participate in Gnrh2 and Gnrh3 stimulation of Lh release in goldfish pituitary cells (Pemberton et al, 2013(Pemberton et al, , 2015. Results obtained with dispersed Atlantic cod pituitary cell cultures suggest that, as has been shown for Lh release, Gnrh-induced Ca ++ signaling may be important for Fsh release (Hodne et al, 2013).…”

Section: Intracellular Signal Transduction Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gonadotropin-releasing hormones: Lessons from fish

Muñoz‐Cueto

Zmora

Paullada-Salmerón

et al. 2020

General and Comparative Endocrinology

103

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Fish have been of paramount importance to our understanding of vertebrate comparative neuroendocrinology and the mechanisms underlying the physiology and evolution of gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH) and their genes. This review integrates past and recent knowledge on the Gnrh system in the fish model. Multiple Gnrh isoforms (two or three forms) are present in all teleosts, as well as multiple Gnrh receptors (up to five types), which differ in neuroanatomical localization, pattern of projections, ontogeny and functions. The role of the different Gnrh forms in reproduction seems to also differ in teleost models possessing two versus three Gnrh forms, Gnrh3 being the main hypophysiotropic hormone in the former and Gnrh1 in the latter. Functions of the non-hypothalamic Gnrh isoforms are still unclear, although under suboptimal physiological conditions (e.g. fasting), Gnrh2 may increase in the pituitary to ensure the integrity of reproduction under these conditions. Recent developments in transgenesis and mutagenesis in fish models have permitted the generation of fish lines expressing fluorophores in Gnrh neurons and to elucidate the dynamics of the elaborate innervations of the different neuronal populations, thus enabling a more accurate delineation of their reproductive roles and regulations. Moreover, in combination with neuronal electrophysiology, these lines have clarified the Gnrh mode of actions in modulating Lh and Fsh activities. While loss of function and genome editing studies had the premise to elucidate the exact roles of the multiple Gnrhs in reproduction and other processes, they have instead evoked an ongoing debate about these roles and opened new avenues of research that will no doubt lead to new discoveries regarding the not-yet-fully-understood Gnrh system.

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