Melamine amino trimethylene phosphate as a novel flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foams with improved flame retardant, mechanical and thermal properties

Abstract

Melamine amino trimethylene phosphate (MATMP) as a novel nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant, was synthesized by the reaction of melamine with amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP) in aqueous solution. The structure of MATMP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid state 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analysis. Rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams were prepared by one-shot and free-rise method, using MATMP as a flame retardant. The flame retardant, mechanical and thermal properties of MATMP in RPU foams were studied. It is found that the RPU foam containing 15 wt % MATMP (sample RPUMA-15) can pass the UL-94 V0 test with a limiting oxygen index of 25.5%. The cone calorimeter test results show that the peak heat release rate of RPUMA-15 is reduced about 34% compared with that of untreated RPU foam. SEM results indicate that the RPU foams with MATMP can form the good and compact char during burning which provides better flame retardancy. The compressive strength of the RPU foams filled with MATMP first increases and then slightly decreases with an increase in the MATMP content comparing with that of untreated RPU foam. Moreover, thermal conductivities of the MATMP filled RPU foams are about 0.03 W/m K.

Flame retardation and thermal stability of novel phosphoramide/expandable graphite in rigid polyurethane foam

“…Additive‐type flame retardants become more common and low cost additives to endow RPUF good flame retardancy, such as 2‐[anilino‐(6‐oxobenzo[c] benzoxaphosphinin‐6‐yl)methyl]phenol(PDOP), melamine amino trimethylene phosphate (MATMP), DOPO‐BA, phosphorus‐melamine‐urea‐formaldehyde, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP), and hexaphenoxy‐cyclotriphosphazene (HPCP) . Besides of these substances, expandable graphite (EG) has been wildly used for flame retarding RPUF due to its low cost and excellent physical expansion action in condensed phase .…”

Flame‐retardant and mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam/MRP/mg(OH)2/GF/HGB composites

“…Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is widely used as encapsulate materials in many areas due to its high compressive strength, good heat resistance and sound absorption properties, low thermal conductivity, and light weight. [1][2][3] However, RPUF resin is a kind of flammable material, and its application is restricted owing to its poor flammability resistance. To improve the flame-retardant properties of RPUF, it is usually filled with flame retardants for enhancing the flame-retarding ability.…”

“…To improve the flame-retardant properties of RPUF, it is usually filled with flame retardants for enhancing the flame-retarding ability. Recently, the flame retardants used in RPUF have been received increasing attention, such as Mg(OH) 2 and microencapsulated red phosphorus (MRP). [4][5][6][7] MRP is a kind of halogen-free flame retardants because of its triple functions: filler, flame-retardant, and smoke suppressant.…”

“…It can be known inFigures 3-6that the flame-retardant properties, smoke suppression, and the flame suppression of the RPUF/MRP/Mg(OH) 2 composite with MRP/ Mg(OH) 2 weight fraction of 8 wt % are good. On the basis of it, the RPUF/MRP/Mg(OH) 2 composites with MRP/Mg(OH)2 weight fraction of 8 wt % were loaded with GF and HGB, to investigate the reinforcement effect of the GF and the HGB on the composites.…”

1,2-Propanediolizobutyl POSS as a co-flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foams

“…Inorganic phosphorus compounds as well as red phosphorus are also used effectively. In addition, flame retardant has been used, which contain, in addition to the phosphorus atom, additionally nitrogen, expandable graphite, inorganic compounds or halogen, through the use of a synergistic effect of their action [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”