Melamine in Iranian foodstuffs: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and health risk assessment of infant formula

Alizadeh, Adel Mirza; Hosseini, Hedayat; Hosseini, Mir-Jamal; Hassanzadazar, Hassan; Hashempour‐Baltork, Fataneh; Zamani, Abbasali; Mohseni, Mehran

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114854

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…An elevated intracellular ROS level was found in all treatment groups, with the highest levels in the cells cotreated with the DG and Mel ( Figure 3 ). This finding suggests that although the production of ROS is known in aging [ 7 ], it gets further boosted upon treatment with Mel, depicting a rise in oxidative stress. Hence, cotreatment of DG and ML poses a risk of greater deleterious effects at the cellular level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also extensively used as a component in the production of various kitchenware, food packaging materials, and insecticides [ 5 , 6 ]. However, the occurrence of Mel in food products as a result of contamination or intentional adulteration has been a subject of scrutiny [ 7 ]. Notably, Mel contamination incidents, such as the 2008 Chinese milk scandal, have led to widespread public health crises and highlighted the need for a comprehensive understanding of its potential health impacts [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melamine Exacerbates Neurotoxicity in D-Galactose-Induced Neuronal SH-SY5Y Cells

Goyal,

Jain,

Jain

et al. 2023

Journal of Aging Research

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Numerous studies have depicted the role of diet and environmental toxins in aging. Melamine (Mel) is a globally known notorious food adulterant, and its toxicity has been shown in several organs including the brain. However, till now, there are no reports regarding Mel neurotoxicity in aging neurons. So, this study examined the in vitro neurotoxicity caused by Mel in the D-galactose (DG)-induced aging model of neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. In the present study, the neuronal SH-SY5Y cells were treated with DG and Mel separately and in combination to assess the neurotoxicity potential using MTT assay and neurite length measurement. Further, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant activities were evaluated followed by the determination of the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and caspase3 (Casp3) activity. The cotreatment of Mel and DG in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells showed maximum cell death than the cells treated with DG or Mel individually and untreated control cells. The neurite length shrinkage and ROS production were maximum in the DG and Mel cotreated cells showing exacerbated toxicity of Mel. The activity of SOD, CAT, and total antioxidants was also found to be lowered in the cotreatment group (Mel + DG) than in Mel- or DG-treated and untreated cells. Further, the combined toxicity of Mel and DG also elevated the Casp3 activity more than any other group. This is the first study showing the increased neurotoxic potential of Mel in an aging model of neuronal SH-SY5Y cells which implicates that Mel consumption by the elderly may lead to increased incidences of neurodegeneration like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%