Melamine Resins

Abstract

Melamine‐based resins [MF, MUF, MUPF, PM(U)F] used as wood adhesives represent one of the largest groups of aminoplastic resins. They are made by the reaction of formaldehyde with melamine using urea, phenol, or other components as comonomers. The hardened resins show duroplastic hardening behavior; they are three‐dimensionally cross‐linked and hence insoluble, nonmeltable networks. Analytical methods to determine the chemical identity of the complex mixtures (ie, nmr spectroscopy, ir spectroscopy, hplc, as well as mass spectrometry) are described in this article. Melamine‐based resins show higher hydrolysis resistance compared to UF resins. The field of application comprises the production of wood‐based panels such as particleboards, MDF, OSB, plywood, blockboards, and others especially for use under humid conditions. The molar ratio between formaldehyde/reactive amino groups [F/(NH 2 ) 2 ] distinctly determines reactivity, the degree of cross‐linking, and hence the bonding strength. Cocondensation between melamine, formaldehyde, and other components (such as urea and phenol) is possible, furnishing cocondensates with improved properties and reduced price. The possiblity of increasing the impact strength of MF resins using rubber toughening technology is examined.

Tricopper Melaminate, a Metal–Organic Framework Containing Dehydrogenated Melamine and Cu–Cu Bonding

“…The discovery of melamine (C 3 N 6 H 6 , or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine) dates back to the work of Liebig in 1834 . Since then, a remarkable number of derivative compounds, including supramolecular assemblies, flame-retardant materials, and melamine formaldehyde resins, have emerged, even as materials used in our daily life. − Thermal treatment of melamine leads to condensation reactions, forming melam (C 6 N 10 H 6 ) and melem (C 6 N 11 H 9 ) with increasing temperature, with release of ammonia. , The course of the thermal conversation reactions of melamine has been shown to depend on a subtle interplay of reaction conditions with respect to temperature, pressure, and the specific reaction rate. , …”

Azide/alkyne‐“click”‐reactions on amino resin materials: An LC‐ESI‐TOF analysis

“…The cocondensation of 1,3,5‐triamino‐triazine (melamine) and formaldehyde yields amino resins, which are widespreadly used in their technical application as impregnation resins, adhesives, or binders within wood‐based panels 1, 2. As melamine/formaldehyde resins (MF‐resins) contain considerable amounts of water (often up to 50 wt %), subsequent chemistry on these resins is limited to reactions taking place under a strictly aqueous environment 3.…”