Melampsora Lini, Rust of Flax and Linseed

Lawrence, Gregory J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-033706-4.50025-6

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…If the L alleles in these three lines do encode the same specificity, the gene-for-gene theory predicts that L3 , L4 , and L10 should interact with the same avirulence gene in rust. Evidence consistent with this is provided by the results of Flor, who found that the avirulence genes in flax rust (AL-3, AL-4, and AL-10) that correspond to L3, L4, and L10 map at the same locus, whereas most other avirulence genes in flax rust are not closely linked (reviewed in Lawrence, 1988). Therefore, we conclude that L3, L4, and L10 may determine the same specificity.…”

Section: Sequence Variation Of L Allelessupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Indeed, these differences may be related to the particular R gene/avirulence gene interactions in each case. The avirulence genes that correspond to L2, L6, and L11 (for which data indicate LRRcontrolled specificity) map to unlinked locations in flax rust (see Lawrence, 1988). However, the corresponding avirulence genes to L6 and L7 (for which specificity differences are determined by the TIR region) are tightly linked and have not been separated by recombination.…”

Section: Which Region or Regions Determine Specificity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Regions in Alleles of the Flax Rust Resistance Gene L That Determine Differences in Gene-for-Gene Specificity

Ellis

Lawrence

Luck³

et al. 1999

Plant Cell

447

196

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Thirteen alleles ( L , L1 to L11 , and LH ) from the flax L locus, which encode Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology-nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat (TIR-NBS-LRR) rust resistance proteins, were sequenced and compared to provide insight into their evolution and into the determinants of gene-for-gene resistance specificity. The predicted L6 and L11 proteins differ solely in the LRR region, whereas L6 and L7 differ solely in the TIR region. Thus, specificity differences between alleles can be determined by both the LRR and TIR regions. Functional analysis in transgenic plants of recombinant alleles constructed in vitro provided further information: L10-L2 and L6-L2 recombinants, encoding the LRR of L2 , conferred L2 resistance specificity, and an L2-L10 recombinant, encoding the LRR of L10 , conferred a novel specificity. The sequence comparisons also indicate that the evolution of L alleles has probably involved reassortment of variation, resulting from accumulated point mutations, by intragenic recombination. In addition, large deletion events have occurred in the LRR-encoding regions of L1 and L8, and duplication events have occurred in the LRR-encoding region of L2 .

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Section: Sequence Variation Of L Allelessupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Which Region or Regions Determine Specificity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Regions in Alleles of the Flax Rust Resistance Gene L That Determine Differences in Gene-for-Gene Specificity

Ellis

Lawrence

Luck³

et al. 1999

Plant Cell

447

196

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Lev., CH 5 (Lawrence et al 1981) and CHsF2(78), a strain obtained by selfing CH 5, were used in this study. To obtain inoculum, uredospores were collected by the method described by Lawrence (1988). Uredospores of each strain were inoculated on Hosh plants in separate glasshouses; uredospores formed on the leaves were collected 14 d after inoculation by tapping the plants over a sheet of aluminium foil.…”

Section: Plant and Fungal Material Three Lines Of Flax (Linum Usitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic reorganization of microtubules and microfilaments in flax cells during the resistance response to flax rust infection

Kobayashi¹,

Kobayashi²,

Hardham

1994

Planta

111

107

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Abstract. The cytoskeleton in plant cells is a dynamic structure that can rapidly respond to extracellular stimuli. Alteration of the organization of microtubules and actin microfilaments was examined in mesophyll cells of flax, Linum usitatissimum L., during attempted infection by the flax rust fungus, MeIampsora lini (Ehrenb.) Lev. Flax leaves that had been inoculated with either a compatible (yielding a susceptible reaction) or an incompatible (yielding a resistant reaction) strain of M. lini were embedded in butyl-methylmethacrylate resin; sections of this material were immunofluorescently labelled with anti-tubulin or anti-actin and examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy. In uninfected leaves, microtubules in the mesophyll cells formed a transverse array in the cell cortex. Microfilaments radiated through the cytoplasm from the nucleus. In an incompatible interaction, microtubules and microfilaments were extensively reorganized in mesophyll cells that were in contact with fungal infection hyphae or haustorial mother cells before penetration of the cell by the infection peg. After the initiation of haustorium development, microtubules disappeared from the infected cells, and growth of the haustoria ceased. In an incompatible interaction, hypersensitive cell death occurred in more than 70% of infected cells but occurred in less than 20% of cells in compatible interactions. After the infected cell had undergone hypersensitive cell death, the cytoskeleton in neighbouring cells became focused on the walls shared with the necrotic cell. In compatible interactions, reorganization of the cytoskeleton was either not observed at all or was observed much less frequently up to 48 h after inoculation.

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“…Like other biotrophic fungi, M. tini must broach the surface of its host and establish a functional host-pathogen relationship (Lawrence 1988). This requirement is fulfilled by a series of infection structures that are formed by urediospores of the fungus (Littlefield and Bracker 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Components in the haustorial wall of the flax rust fungus,Melampsora lini, are labelled by three anti-calmodulin monoclonal antibodies

Murdoch

Hardham

1998

Protoplasma

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Summary, Immunolocalisation studies, using flax leaf material infected with the flax rust fungus, Melampsora lini, and isolated haustorial complexes, have shown that three anti-calmodulin monoclonal antibodies bind to the haustorial wall of the fungus. The epitopes recognised by these antibodies are inserted into the wall during the early stages of haustorium development and remain in the wall throughout the life of the haustorium. The epitopes are present in both compatible and incompatible reactions and are oligosaccharide in nature. The results provide evidence for molecular differentiation within the haustorial complex of 3,4. lini.

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Melampsora Lini, Rust of Flax and Linseed

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Identification of Regions in Alleles of the Flax Rust Resistance Gene L That Determine Differences in Gene-for-Gene Specificity

Identification of Regions in Alleles of the Flax Rust Resistance Gene L That Determine Differences in Gene-for-Gene Specificity

Dynamic reorganization of microtubules and microfilaments in flax cells during the resistance response to flax rust infection

Components in the haustorial wall of the flax rust fungus,Melampsora lini, are labelled by three anti-calmodulin monoclonal antibodies

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