Melanic through nature or nurture: genetic polymorphism and phenotypic plasticity in<i>Harmonia axyridis</i>

Michie, L. J.; Mallard, François; Majerus, Michael E. N.; Jiggins, Francis M.

doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02043.x

Cited by 96 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Of 74 possible spot combinations only 22 (30%) were present in the natural populations studied, which indicates there may be a genetic constraint on the extent of the variation. In other coccinellid species similar variation, although under genetic control (Lusis, 1932;Zarapkin, 1938;Hosino, 1942), is modified by the temperature experienced by an insect at certain sensitive stages in its development (Zimmermann, 1931;Okuda et al, 1997;Michie et al, 2010). With increasing temperature the size of spots decreases gradually until some spots do not develop at high temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation in elytral colour polymorphism in Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Honěk¹,

Martinková²,

Saska³

et al. 2012

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are a classical group for studying the mechanisms that determine local and temporal trends in colour polymorphism. Here we report long term trends in variation in the percentage of different morphs in a population of Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) at Štúrovo, Slovakia (47°48´N, 18°43´E). The morphs differ in the number and location of the spots on their elytra. Beetles were sampled from stands of herbaceous plants using a standard method each year in August over a period of 74 years from 1937 to 2011. Twenty two morphs (out of 74 possible) were recorded in a total sample of 6,984 individuals. Four dominant morphs made up 90% of the total sample and varied in their annual frequency independently of one another. Frequency of "pale" morphs (0-3 spots per elytra), supposedly favoured by a warm climate, increased from 1981 to 2000s' during a period of climate warming, but only after a decrease that took place between 1937 and 1981, which did not parallel a change in climate. Moreover, the differences in the extent of the melanization of the elytral surface are too small to significantly affect thermoregulation in the different morphs. Therefore, the results presented do not provide unequivocal support for climate change determining the long term trends in the variation in the proportions of the different morphs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation in elytral colour polymorphism in Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Honěk¹,

Martinková²,

Saska³

et al. 2012

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…The four major alleles 1209 are succinea, axyridis, conspicua, spectabilis, all but the first of these being melanic forms (Michie et in the region as well as to complex interaction between rare allelic forms (Tan 1946). A hierarchical 1217 dominance with respect to phenotype expression was demonstrated between the four major colour 1218 alleles: conspicua > spectabilis > axyridis > succinea (Michie et al 2010;Tan, Li 1934;Tan 1946). 1219…”

Section: Colour Forms 1204mentioning

confidence: 98%

The harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis: global perspectives on invasion history and ecology

et al. 2016

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Artículo de publicación ISIThe harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is native to Asia but has been intentionally introduced to many countries as a biological control agent of pest insects. In numerous countries, however, it has been introduced unintentionally. The dramatic spread of H. axyridis within many countries has been met with considerable trepidation. It is a generalist top predator, able to thrive in many habitats and across wide climatic conditions. It poses a threat to biodiversity, particularly aphidophagous insects, through competition and predation, and in many countries adverse effects have been reported on other species, particularly coccinellids. However, the patterns are not consistent around the world and seem to be affected by many factors including landscape and climate. Research on H. axyridis has provided detailed insights into invasion biology from broad patterns and processes to approaches in surveillance and monitoring. An impressive number of studies on this alien species have provided mechanistic evidence alongside models explaining large-scale patterns and processes. The involvement of citizens in monitoring this species in a number of countries around the world is inspiring and has provided data on scales that would be otherwise unachievable. Harmonia axyridis has successfully been used as a model invasive alien species and has been the inspiration for global collaborations at various scales. There is considerable scope to expand the research and associated collaborations, particularly to increase the breadth of parallel studies conducted in the native and invaded regions. Indeed a qualitative comparison of biological traits across the native and invaded range suggests that there are differences which ultimately could influence the population dynamics of this invader. Here we provide an overview of the invasion history and ecology of H. axyridis globally with consideration of future research perspectives. We reflect broadly on the contributions of such research to our understanding of invasion biology while also informing policy and people

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“…axyridis is highly polymorphic in terms of color patterning (Dobzhansky, 1933). In ladybeetles, melanism is advantageous in winter but costly in summer, so species that can change color throughout the year can maximize their fitness (Michie et al, 2010). Laboratory and field observations suggest that H. axyridis demonstrates seasonal phenotypic plasticity related to melanism, the non-melanic morph being more abundant in spring, and the darker morphs being more abundant in autumn (Michie et al, 2011).…”

Section: Phenotypic Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Immunological Features Promoting the Invasive Performance of the Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis

2017

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The harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis is now established as a model to test hypotheses explaining why some species become successfully invasive, while others, even closely related ones, do not. In this review, we evaluate behavioral and immunological features that may play a role in the invasive performance of this model species. We discuss the behavioral traits and associated semiochemicals that promote the invasive success of H. axyridis. In particular, we consider (1) the aggregative behavior and the particular role of long-chain hydrocarbons; (2) the importance of sex pheromones and non-volatile chemicals in mate location and selection; (3) the use of allelochemicals for prey location; and (4) the nature of chemicals that protect against natural enemies. We also highlight the superior immune system of H. axyridis, which encompasses a broader spectrum of antimicrobial peptides (and higher inducible expression levels) compared with native ladybird beetles such as Adalia bipunctata and Coccinella septempunctata. The chemical defense compound harmonine and the antimicrobial peptides are thought to confer resistance against the abundant microsporidia carried by H. axyridis. These parasites can infect and kill native ladybird species feeding on H. axyridis eggs or larvae, supporting the hypothesis that intraguild predation plays a role in the ability of H. axyridis to outcompete native ladybird species in newly-colonized areas.

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Melanic through nature or nurture: genetic polymorphism and phenotypic plasticity inHarmonia axyridis

Cited by 96 publications

References 51 publications

Temporal variation in elytral colour polymorphism in Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Temporal variation in elytral colour polymorphism in Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

The harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis: global perspectives on invasion history and ecology

Behavioral and Immunological Features Promoting the Invasive Performance of the Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis

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