Melanin mitigates the accelerated decay of mycorrhizal necromass with peatland warming

Fernandez, Christopher W.; Heckman, Katherine; Kolka, Randall K.; Kennedy, Peter G.

doi:10.1111/ele.13209

Cited by 92 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

104

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In mixed forests, AM trees may further suffer from reduced nutrient availability and soil acidification. Greater amounts of mycelium may increasingly contribute to soil C sequestration under eCO 2 conditions (Ekblad et al, 2016;Fernandez et al, 2019).…”

Section: (5) Elevated Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mycorrhizal fungi benefit plants by improved mineral nutrition and protection against stress, yet information about fundamental differences among mycorrhizal types in fungi and trees and their relative importance in biogeochemical processes is only beginning to accumulate. We critically review and synthesize the ecophysiological differences in ectomycorrhizal, ericoid mycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses and the effect of these mycorrhizal types on soil processes from local to global scales. We demonstrate that guilds of mycorrhizal fungi display substantial differences in genome‐encoded capacity for mineral nutrition, particularly acquisition of nitrogen and phosphorus from organic material. Mycorrhizal associations alter the trade‐off between allocation to roots or mycelium, ecophysiological traits such as root exudation, weathering, enzyme production, plant protection, and community assembly as well as response to climate change. Mycorrhizal types exhibit differential effects on ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling that affect global elemental fluxes and may mediate biome shifts in response to global change. We also note that most studies performed to date have not been properly replicated and collectively suffer from strong geographical sampling bias towards temperate biomes. We advocate that combining carefully replicated field experiments and controlled laboratory experiments with isotope labelling and ‐omics techniques offers great promise towards understanding differences in ecophysiology and ecosystem services among mycorrhizal types.

show abstract

Section: (5) Elevated Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lignin content (Melillo, Aber, & Muratore, 1982;Poorter et al, 2004) Melanin content (Fernandez et al, 2019) Species with higher melanin content will be less susceptible to fungivory and decomposition. They will also sustain slower growth rates and have longer-lasting tissue lifespans.…”

Section: Carbon Allocationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal functional ecology: bringing a trait‐based approach to plant‐associated fungi

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fungi play many essential roles in ecosystems. They facilitate plant access to nutrients and water, serve as decay agents that cycle carbon and nutrients through the soil, water and atmosphere, and are major regulators of macro‐organismal populations. Although technological advances are improving the detection and identification of fungi, there still exist key gaps in our ecological knowledge of this kingdom, especially related to function. Trait‐based approaches have been instrumental in strengthening our understanding of plant functional ecology and, as such, provide excellent models for deepening our understanding of fungal functional ecology in ways that complement insights gained from traditional and ‐omics‐based techniques. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge of fungal functional ecology, taxonomy and systematics and introduce a novel database of fungal functional traits (FunFun). FunFun is built to interface with other databases to explore and predict how fungal functional diversity varies by taxonomy, guild, and other evolutionary or ecological grouping variables. To highlight how a quantitative trait‐based approach can provide new insights, we describe multiple targeted examples and end by suggesting next steps in the rapidly growing field of fungal functional ecology.

show abstract

“…It has been hypothesized that the chemically recalcitrant compounds, i. e. for plant litter mainly lignin and lipids and, for the fungal inputs, the abundant polysaccharide chitin, and polymers of phenolic and indolic monomers – melanin (Figure ), form the most stable organic matter . However, some studies have shown that lignin turnover in the soil is more rapid than that of bulk organic matter and degradability of fungal necromass and chitin is also relatively high .…”

Section: How Chemical Structure Affects C Stabilization – Recalcitranmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Root‐ and fungal‐derived litter compounds provide the most stable organic matter and may potentially affect the decomposition or stabilization rate . For example, decomposition is affected via the quantity and quality of the provided substrate.…”

Section: The Influence Of the Interactions Between Root Litter And Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, warming changes plant community composition promoting new plant species with different PSM profiles. For example, in peatlands, warming promotes the growth of ericaceous plants rich in tannins and mycorrhizal fungi rich in melanin due to a lower water table, thereby altering SOM stabilization …”

Section: Effects Of Climate Change On Plants Secondary Metabolites – mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanisms of Carbon Sequestration in Highly Organic Ecosystems – Importance of Chemical Ecology

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organic matter decomposition plays a major role in the cycling of carbon (C) and nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems across the globe. Climate change accelerates the decomposition rate to potentially increase the release of greenhouse gases and further enhance global warming in the future. However, fractions of organic matter vary in turnover times and parts are stabilized in soils for longer time periods (C sequestration). Overall, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying C sequestration is needed for the development of effective mitigation policies to reduce land-based production of greenhouse gases. Known mechanisms of C sequestration include the recalcitrance of C input, interactions with soil minerals, aggregate formation, as well as its regulation via abiotic factors. In this Minireview, we discuss the mechanisms behind C sequestration including the recently emerging significance of biochemical interactions between organic matter inputs that lead to C stabilization.

show abstract

Melanin mitigates the accelerated decay of mycorrhizal necromass with peatland warming

Cited by 92 publications

References 44 publications

Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes

Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes

Fungal functional ecology: bringing a trait‐based approach to plant‐associated fungi

Mechanisms of Carbon Sequestration in Highly Organic Ecosystems – Importance of Chemical Ecology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About