Melanoma Metastatic to the Colon

Tessier, Deron J.; McConnell, Elizabeth J.; Young-Fadok, Tonia; Wolff, Bruce G.

doi:10.1007/s10350-004-6577-2

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This finding was identical to that found in a review of 24 patients of metastatic colonic melanoma [17]. …”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This was slightly different from the data on metastatic colonic melanomas, where ascending colon and descending colon were reported as the predominant sites involved [17]. Figure 1 shows a comparison of the sites involved in primary and metastatic colonic melanoma.…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…According to a review performed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), the incidence of GI tract metastases of melanomas was calculated to be as follows: liver: 68%, small intestine: 58%, colon: 22%, stomach: 20%, duodenum: 12%, rectum: 5%, esophagus 4% and anus 1% [16]. Other studies have validated these findings [17]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For comparison, the male to female ratio in patients with metastatic melanoma to the colon has been reported as 1.5:1[17]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of primary melanoma of the colon

et al. 2011

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BackgroundMelanomas within the alimentary tract are usually metastatic in origin. On the other hand, primary melanomas of the gastrointestinal tract are relatively uncommon. There are several published reports of melanomas occurring in the esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and anorectum. The occurrence of primary melanoma of the colon has, however, only been rarely reported. The optimum modus operandi for the management of primary colonic melanoma remains nebulous due to the limited number of reports in literature.MethodsA comprehensive search of Medline, Cochrane and Highwire was performed using the following keywords: 'melanoma', 'malignant melanoma', 'primary melanoma', 'colon', 'gastrointestinal tract', 'alimentary tract', 'digestive tract', and 'large bowel'. All patients with primary melanoma localized to the colon were included in the review. Patients with metastatic melanomas to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and primary melanomas localized to the GI tract in anatomic locations other than colon were excluded.ResultsThere have been only 12 reported cases of primary melanoma of the colon to date. The average age of patients on presentation was 60.4 years without any significant gender predilection. Right colon (33%) and cecum (33%) were the most common sites for the occurrence of primary colonic melanoma while abdominal pain (58%) and weight loss (50%) were the most common presenting complaints. Colonoscopy is the most reliable diagnostic investigation and offers the additional advantage of obtaining tissue for diagnosis. S-100 and HMB-45 are highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of this malignancy. For primary colonic melanomas that have not metastasized to any distant parts of the body, surgical resection with wide margins appears to be the treatment of choice. Although the management was individualized in every case, most of the authors preferred traditional hemicolectomy as the favored surgical approach. Chemotherapeutic agents including interferons, cytokines, biological agents and radiation therapy for brain metastases have been reported as adjuvant and palliative options while considering malignant melanomas in general. The average recurrence-free interval was 2.59 years. Nine of the 12 reports documented follow-up in their patients. Two of these 9 (22.2%) patients died.ConclusionsPrimary melanoma of the colon is a rare clinical entity. Whenever a seemingly primary melanoma is detected in an atypical location such as the colon, it is prudent to conduct a thorough clinical investigation to consider the possibility of metastatic disease. Further studies are needed to document the long term follow-up, survival advantage and safety of the management approaches employed in patients with primary colonic melanoma. Based on current data, surgical resection appears to be appropriate management for primary colonic melanomas; unless the disease has metastasized to distant sites where surgery may have a limited palliative role.

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“…This finding was identical to that found in a review of 24 patients of metastatic colonic melanoma [17]. …”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For comparison, the male to female ratio in patients with metastatic melanoma to the colon has been reported as 1.5:1[17]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of primary melanoma of the colon

et al. 2011

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“…Metastatic involvement of the colon is a rare occurrence and is extremely rare from primary extra-abdominal tumors. There are case reports of metastatic colon cancer from primary malignancy such as melanoma, SCC of the lung, gastric adenocarcinoma, and invasive ductal breast carcinoma [16–18]. To this date, there are three case reports from Asia published in English literature describing colonic metastasis from primary esophageal SCC [19–21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of colon from esophageal cancer

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEsophageal cancer including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma represents 4% of all cancers in the United States. Patients with esophageal cancer frequently present with locally advanced disease, and about 40% of patients have evidence of metastatic disease on presentation. Common sites of metastasis include liver, lung and bone. Here, we present a rare case of colonic metastasis from primary esophageal SCC.Case presentationA 60-year-old Caucasian male with a history of 20-pack-year cigarette smoking received surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced SCC of larynx. Approximately 9 months later, he developed dysphagia, and found to have a esophageal SCC in the mid-esophagus with regional lymph node involvement. He underwent chemoradiation treatment with good response and improved symptoms but declined subsequent surgical resection for esophageal cancer. About 1 year after the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, he developed blood streaked bowel movement and severe anemia. Colonoscopy showed a 3-cm mass in the proximal ascending colon; biopsy showed metastatic SCC, consistent with metastasis from esophageal primary. He subsequently received palliative radiation to the ascending colon metastatic tumor with improvement of anemia, and remained transfusion independent for more than 3 months.ConclusionsColonic metastasis from esophageal SCC is rare, and associated with poor prognosis. There are no definite features in terms of location, histological differentiation etc. that contribute to colonic metastasis from primary esophageal SCC. The goal of treatment is palliative and data from our and other case reports support the use of chemotherapy and radiation for symptom improvement and disease control.

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Gastrointentinal Manifestations of Systemic Diseases

Israeli

Bernstein

2015

Yamada' S Textbook of Gastroenterology

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Melanoma Metastatic to the Colon

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of primary melanoma of the colon

Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of primary melanoma of the colon

Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of colon from esophageal cancer

Gastrointentinal Manifestations of Systemic Diseases

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