Melanopsin Excitation in Conditions of Natural and Artificial Lighting

Preciado, O. U.; Issolio, Luis Alberto; Manzano, Eduardo Roberto; Colombo, E.; Barrionuevo, Pablo Alejandro

doi:10.31527/analesafa.2018.invisiont.25

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Figure 5D shows that the melanopic DER for daylight on a clear day is significantly greater than the melanopic DER within a recent sample of white LED lighting with a range of CCTs. This supports the viewpoint that the LEDs sampled are relatively inefficient at producing melanopic light for a given combination of CCT and luminous flux, in agreement with others ( 97 , 98 ). New lighting products, including those with tunable M/P ratios, may help to address this.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In other words, this supports the viewpoint that all the LED lights in this sample were relatively inefficient at producing melanopic light for a given combination of CCT and luminous flux. The lower melanopic efficiency of white LED lighting with respect to natural daylight has also been reported previously ( 97 , 98 ). In addition to a reduced illuminance, a lower melanopic DER may be appropriate at night and within spaces designed to be restful, whereas in active workplaces a higher melanopic DER and an elevated illuminance may engender a healthier daytime environment.…”

Section: Everyday Examplessupporting

confidence: 82%

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The Lighting Environment, Its Metrology, and Non-visual Responses

Schlangen

Price

2021

Front. Neurol.

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International standard CIE S 026:2018 provides lighting professionals and field researchers in chronobiology with a method to characterize light exposures with respect to non-visual photoreception and responses. This standard defines five spectral sensitivity functions that describe optical radiation for its ability to stimulate each of the five α-opic retinal photoreceptor classes that contribute to the non-visual effects of light in humans via intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). The CIE also recently published an open-access α-opic toolbox that calculates all the quantities and ratios of the α-opic metrology in the photometric, radiometric and photon systems, based on either a measured (user-defined) spectrum or selected illuminants (A, D65, E, FL11, LED-B3) built into the toolbox. For a wide variety of ecologically-valid conditions, the melanopsin-based photoreception of ipRGCs has been shown to account for the spectral sensitivity of non-visual responses, from shifting the timing of nocturnal sleep and melatonin secretion to regulating steady-state pupil diameter. Recent findings continue to confirm that the photopigment melanopsin also plays a role in visual responses, and that melanopsin-based photoreception may have a significant influence on brightness perception and aspects of spatial vision. Although knowledge concerning the extent to which rods and cones interact with ipRGCs in driving non-visual effects is still growing, a CIE position statement recently used melanopic equivalent daylight (D65) illuminance in preliminary guidance on applying “proper light at the proper time” to manipulate non-visual responses. Further guidance on this approach is awaited from the participants of the 2nd International Workshop on Circadian and Neurophysiological Photometry (in Manchester, August 2019). The new α-opic metrology of CIE S 026 enables traceable measurements and a formal, quantitative specification of personal light exposures, photic interventions and lighting designs. Here, we apply this metrology to everyday light sources including a natural daylight time series, a range of LED lighting products and, using the toobox, to a smartphone display screen. This collection of examples suggests ways in which variations in the melanopic content of light over the day can be adopted in strategies that use light to support human health and well-being.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Everyday Examplessupporting

confidence: 82%

The Lighting Environment, Its Metrology, and Non-visual Responses

Schlangen

Price

2021

Front. Neurol.

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“…Figure 5(D) shows that the melanopic DER for daylight on a clear day is significantly greater than the melanopic DER within a recent sample of white LED lighting with a range of CCTs. This supports the viewpoint that the LEDs sampled are relatively inefficient at producing melanopic light for a given combination of CCT and luminous flux, in agreement with others (Cao and Barrionuevo, 2015;Preciado et al, 2018). New lighting products, including those with tunable M/P ratios, may help to address this.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In other words, this supports the viewpoint that all the LED lights in this sample were relatively inefficient at producing melanopic light for a given combination of CCT and luminous flux. The lower melanopic efficiency of white LED lighting with respect to natural daylight has also been reported previously (Cao and Barrionuevo, 2015;Preciado et al, 2018). In addition to a reduced illuminance, a lower melanopic DER may be appropriate at night and within spaces designed to be restful, whereas in active workplaces a higher melanopic DER and an elevated illuminance may engender a healthier daytime environment.…”

Section: Results: White Led Lightingsupporting

confidence: 63%

The lighting environment, its metrology and non-visual responses

Schlangen¹,

Price²

2020

Preprint

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A new international standard, CIE S 026:2018, defines spectral sensitivity functions that describe optical radiation for its ability to stimulate each of the five α-opic retinal photoreceptor classes that contribute, to non-visual effects and functions of light in humans via intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). The CIE recently published an α-opic toolbox that calculates all the quantities and ratios of the α-opic metrology in the photometric, radiometric and photon systems, either based on a measured (user-defined) spectrum or on selected illuminants (A, D65, E, FL11, LED-B3) built into the toolbox. For most practical ecologically-valid applications, the melanopsin-based photoreception of ipRGCs has been shown to account for the light sensitivity of non-visual responses, from shifting the timing of nocturnal melatonin secretion to regulating steady-state pupil diameter. A CIE position statement recently adopted melanopic EDI in preliminary guidance on using the “proper light at the proper time” to manipulate non-visual responses. Further guidance in this field is expected from an upcoming scientific consensus paper by the participants of the 2nd International Workshop on Circadian and Neurophysiological Photometry (in Manchester, August 2019). Recent findings continue to confirm that melanopsin also plays a role in visual responses. For instance, brightness perception and aspects of spatial vision can be modulated significantly by melanopsin-based photoreception.The new α-opic metrology standardised in CIE S 026 enables traceable measurements for a formal, quantitative specification of personal light exposures and lighting designs. Here, we apply this metrology, together with the toolbox, to everyday light sources including a natural daylight time series, a range of LED lighting products and a smartphone display screen. This collection of examples is of interest to both lighting and public health professions, and suggests ways in which modulations in the melanopic content of light across time of day can be adopted within strategies that use light to support human health and wellbeing.

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Melanopsin Excitation in Conditions of Natural and Artificial Lighting

Cited by 2 publications

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The Lighting Environment, Its Metrology, and Non-visual Responses

The Lighting Environment, Its Metrology, and Non-visual Responses

The lighting environment, its metrology and non-visual responses

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