Melanopsin photoreception differentially modulates rod-mediated and cone-mediated human temporal vision

Uprety, Samir; Adhikari, Prakash; Feigl, Beatrix; Zele, rew J.

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104529

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…Compared to the band-pass, achromatic response of the cone pathway wherein the CFF increases linearly with logarithmic changes in luminance according to the Ferry-Porter law, the melanopsin-mediated CFF is independent of illumination level (200-5000 Td) (Zele et al 2018c) and lower than for achromatic (CFF >60 Hz), red-green (~16 Hz) (Swanson et al 1987), or blue-yellow chromatic modulations (~20 Hz) (Zele et al 2018c). Visual reaction times are also longer to melanopsin-than cone-directed stimuli (Gnyawali et al 2022) while contrast sensitivities depend on the melanopic response to light; melanopsin stimulation facilitates (improves) the temporal contrast sensitivity of the cone pathway while rod pathway temporal contrast sensitivity can be facilitated or inhibited depending on the stimulus temporal frequency (Uprety et al 2022).…”

Section: Spatio-temporal Response Properties Of Melanopsin Photorecep...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Melanopsin Vision

Joyce

Houser

Peirson

et al. 2022

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Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGGs) are the most recently discovered photoreceptor class in the human retina. This Element integrates new knowledge and perspectives from visual neuroscience, psychology, sleep science and architecture to discuss how melanopsin-mediated ipRGC functions can be measured and their circuits manipulated. It reveals contemporary and emerging lighting technologies as powerful tools to set mind, brain and behaviour.

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Section: Spatio-temporal Response Properties Of Melanopsin Photorecep...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Melanopsin Vision

Joyce

Houser

Peirson

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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“…Such lights can be used to stimulate pathways contributing to "nonvisual" responses to light, including melatonin suppression (Allen et al, 2018;Blume et al, 2022;Souman et al, 2018), sleep (Blume et al, 2022;Schöllhorn et al, 2023), and other neuroendocrine and circadian functions (Zandi et al, 2021). The method of silent substitution can also be used to investigate the contribution of melanopsin signaling to canonical visual processing (Allen et al, 2019;Brown et al, 2012;DeLawyer et al, 2020;Spitschan et al, 2017;Uprety et al, 2022;Vincent et al, 2021), and its potential as a diagnostic tool for retinal disease has garnered attention in recent years (Kuze et al, 2017;Wise et al, 2021).…”

Section: Python Toolbox For Silent Substitutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PySilSub: An open-source Python toolbox for implementing the method of silent substitution in vision and non-visual photoreception research

Martin

Boynton

Baker

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The normal human retina contains several classes of photosensitive cell-rods for low-light vision, three cone classes for daylight vision, and the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) expressing melanopsin for non-image-forming functions including pupil size, melatonin suppression and circadian photoentrainment. The spectral sensitivities of the photoreceptors overlap significantly, which means that most lights will stimulate all photoreceptors, to varying degrees. The method of silent substitution is a powerful tool for stimulating individual photoreceptor classes selectively, which is useful in research and clinical settings. The main hardware requirement for silent substitution is a spectrally calibrated light stimulation system with at least as many primaries as there are photoreceptors under consideration. Device settings that will produce lights to selectively stimulate the photoreceptor(s) of interest can be found using a variety of analytic and algorithmic approaches. Here we present PySilSub (https://github.com/PySilentSubstitution/pysilsub), a novel Python package for silent substitution featuring flexible object-oriented support for individual colorimetric observer models (including human and mouse observers), multi-primary stimulation devices, and solving silent substitution problems with linear algebra and constrained numerical optimisation. The software is registered with the Python Package Index and includes example data sets from various multi-primary systems. We hope that PySilSub will facilitate the application of silent substitution in research and clinical settings.

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“…Further, research investigating visual and non-visual responses to light have traditionally been siloed and there exists no complete theory of pathophysiological changes to the visual system in bipolar disorder which incorporates non-visual, circadian rhythm impacts. This is despite the knowledge that melanopsin-containing ipRGCs mediate visual-forming responses of retinal cone and rod cells ( Uprety et al , 2022 ). Research has shown that people with bipolar disorder (or bipolar disorder traits) exhibit altered, state-dependent pupillary responses to light ( Bullock et al , 2019 ; Madsen et al , 2021 ) and reduced colour discrimination ( Fernandes et al , 2017 ; Fernandes et al , 2022 ; Garcia-Martin et al , 2019 ) and visual processing ( Fernandes et al , 2019 ), indicative of alterations in retinal sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Investigating light sensitivity in bipolar disorder (HELIOS-BD)

Roguski,

Needham,

MacGillivray

et al. 2024

Wellcome Open Res

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Many people with bipolar disorder have disrupted circadian rhythms. This means that the timing of sleep and wake activities becomes out-of-sync with the standard 24-hour cycle. Circadian rhythms are strongly influenced by light levels and previous research suggests that people with bipolar disorder might have a heightened sensitivity to light, causing more circadian rhythm disruption, increasing the potential for triggering a mood switch into mania or depression. Lithium has been in clinical use for over 70 years and is acknowledged to be the most effective long-term treatment for bipolar disorder. Lithium has many reported actions in the body but the precise mechanism of action in bipolar disorder remains an active area of research. Central to this project is recent evidence that lithium may work by stabilising circadian rhythms of mood, cognition and rest/activity. Our primary hypothesis is that people with bipolar disorder have some pathophysiological change at the level of the retina which makes them hypersensitive to the visual and non-visual effects of light, and therefore more susceptible to circadian rhythm dysfunction. We additionally hypothesise that the mood-stabilising medication lithium is effective in bipolar disorder because it reduces this hypersensitivity, making individuals less vulnerable to light-induced circadian disruption. We will recruit 180 participants into the HELIOS-BD study. Over an 18-month period, we will assess visual and non-visual responses to light, as well as retinal microstructure, in people with bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls. Further, we will assess whether individuals with bipolar disorder who are being treated with lithium have less pronounced light responses and attenuated retinal changes compared to individuals with bipolar disorder not being treated with lithium. This study represents a comprehensive investigation of visual and non-visual light responses in a large bipolar disorder population, with great translational potential for patient stratification and treatment innovation.

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Melanopsin photoreception differentially modulates rod-mediated and cone-mediated human temporal vision

Cited by 18 publications

References 107 publications

Melanopsin Vision

Melanopsin Vision

PySilSub: An open-source Python toolbox for implementing the method of silent substitution in vision and non-visual photoreception research

Investigating light sensitivity in bipolar disorder (HELIOS-BD)

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