Melatonin alleviates T-2 toxin-induced oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in piglet spleen and thymus

Ning, Can; Xiao, Wenguang; Liang, Zengenni; Wu, You; Fan, Hui; Wang, Siqi; Kong, Xiangyi; Wang, Yongkang; Wu, Aoao; Li, Yuanyuan; Yuan, Zhihang; Wu, Jing; Yang, Chenglin

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111653

International Immunopharmacology

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111653

|View full text |Cite

Melatonin alleviates T-2 toxin-induced oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in piglet spleen and thymus

Can Ning,

Wenguang Xiao,

Zengenni Liang

et al.

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...

Citation Types

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Year Published

2024

2025

Publication Types

Select...

Article4

Relationship

Self Cite0

Independent4

Authors

Journals

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Complex immunotoxic effects of T-2 Toxin on the murine spleen and thymus: Oxidative damage, inflammasomes, apoptosis, and immunosuppression

Chen,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2025

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Complex immunotoxic effects of T-2 Toxin on the murine spleen and thymus: Oxidative damage, inflammasomes, apoptosis, and immunosuppression

Chen,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2025

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

T-2 Toxin Induces Immunosenescence in RAW264.7 Macrophages by Activating the HIF-1α/cGAS-STING Pathway

Deng,

Gao,

2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

T-2 toxin induces cell immunotoxicity by triggering an intracellular hypoxic microenvironment and activates hypoxiainducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which exerts cellular protective effects. Mycotoxins can also induce senescence. The aging of immune function, termed "immunosenescence," is an important factor in the decline of biological immunity and accelerates senescence. However, the mechanism underlying T-2 toxin-induced immunosenescence remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the roles of HIF-1α and cGAS-STING signaling in this process and uncover the mechanisms through which T-2 toxin impacts cytoskeletal integrity and cellular senescence using a RAW264.7 macrophage model. The cells were treated with T-2 toxin (14 nM) for 1−24 h. We revealed that T-2 toxin-induced immunosenescence in RAW264.7 cells by activating the HIF-1α/cGAS-STING axis. The cGAS-STING pathway promotes cell senescence and apoptosis; however, we revealed that HIF-1α negatively regulated this pathway, thereby inhibiting cellular senescence and apoptosis. However, PARP 1 cleavage by caspase 3/9 inhibited DNA repair and accelerated the transition from senescence to apoptosis. At the late stages of T-2 toxin exposure (12 h), HIF-1α accelerated cellular senescence by disrupting the dynamic balance of cytoskeletal α-tubulin and F-actin and destabilizing the cytoskeletal structure. Our research demonstrates that T-2 toxin induces immunosenescence in RAW264.7 cells by activating the cGAS-STING pathway, with HIF-1α signaling serving as a negative regulator. This study provides a deeper understanding of T-2 toxin-induced immunosenescence.

show abstract

The Detoxification Effects of Melatonin on Aflatoxin-Caused Toxic Effects and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms

Dai,

Li,

Velkov

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aflatoxins (AFTs) are a form of mycotoxins mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, which are common contaminants in various agricultural sources such as feed, milk, food, and grain crops. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic one among all AFTs. AFB1 undergoes bioactivation into AFB1-8,9-epoxide, then leads to diverse harmful effects such as neurotoxicity, carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, nephrotoxicity, and immunotoxicity, with specific molecular mechanisms varying in different pathologies. The detoxification of AFB1 is of great importance for safeguarding the health of animals and humans and has increasingly attracted global attention. Recent research has shown that melatonin supplementation can effectively mitigate AFB1-induced multiple toxic effects. The protection mechanisms of melatonin involve the inhibition of oxidative stress, the upregulation of antioxidant enzyme activity, the reduction of mitochondrial dysfunction, the inactivation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, the blockade of inflammatory responses, and the attenuation of cytochrome P450 enzymes’ expression and activities. In summary, this review sheds new light on the potential role of melatonin as a potential detoxifying agent against AFB1. Further exploration of the precise molecular mechanisms and clinical efficacy of this promising treatment is urgently needed.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

Melatonin alleviates T-2 toxin-induced oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in piglet spleen and thymus

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Complex immunotoxic effects of T-2 Toxin on the murine spleen and thymus: Oxidative damage, inflammasomes, apoptosis, and immunosuppression

Complex immunotoxic effects of T-2 Toxin on the murine spleen and thymus: Oxidative damage, inflammasomes, apoptosis, and immunosuppression

T-2 Toxin Induces Immunosenescence in RAW264.7 Macrophages by Activating the HIF-1α/cGAS-STING Pathway

The Detoxification Effects of Melatonin on Aflatoxin-Caused Toxic Effects and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About