Melatonin increases antigen presentation and amplifies specific and non specific signals for T-cell proliferation

Pioli, Claudio; Caroleo, Maria Cristina; Nisticò, Giuseppe; Doriac, Gino

doi:10.1016/0192-0561(93)90060-c

Cited by 168 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Chronic melatonin administration led to an increased IL-1 and TNF-␣ production and enhanced T-cell-promoted antigen presentation by splenic macrophages [32]. This sensitization of circulating components of the immune system by melatonin was not paralleled in spleen tissue but was reflected within the CNS following melatonin treatment by enhanced positive reactivity to an inflammatory stimulus (Figs I and 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Dietary melatonin selectively reverses age-related changes in cortical cytokine mRNA levels, and their responses to an inflammatory stimulus

Sharman

Yang

et al. 2002

Neurobiology of Aging

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The basal levels of expression of mRNA of cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-␣), in the cerebral cortex of 5 and 26 month-old male B6C3F1 mice have been compared. In addition, the responsivity of animals of differing age to an inflammatory stimulus (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) has been studied. Basal levels of both of these cytokine mRNAs were elevated in aged animals relative to the younger group. However LPS administration led to a robust increase in cytokine mRNA levels in the younger animals but in aged mice, there was either an unchanged (IL-6) or a depressed (TNF-␣) response. Administration of dietary melatonin (200 ppm) to aged mice for 6 weeks prior to sacrifice, resulted in reduction of basal levels of cytokine mRNA to values found in the younger animals. Furthermore, following administration of LPS to melatonin fed animals, cerebral cytokine mRNA levels were significantly elevated rather than being unchanged or depressed. Taken together these findings reflect a trend in the cortices of melatonin-treated aged mice, to more closely approximate the status of younger mice. For comparative purposes, parallel studies were carried out using an immunologically active organ (spleen) and a non-neural organ with a low rate of cell turnover (heart muscle). In both these tissues, basal levels of cytokine mRNAs of animals of either age were very low, and there was a marked positive response to LPS. Dietary melatonin had no effect on the responses of TNF-␣ mRNA to LPS but attenuated the reaction of splenic IL-6 mRNA, thus bringing the response closer to that of the younger mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Dietary melatonin selectively reverses age-related changes in cortical cytokine mRNA levels, and their responses to an inflammatory stimulus

Sharman

Yang

et al. 2002

Neurobiology of Aging

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“…At supra-physiological concentrations, melatonin induces T-cell proliferation and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines [43,57] . Exogenous melatonin administration increases the proliferative response of rat lymphocytes [58] , increases the number of NK cells [59,60], stimulates the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and TNF- [61,62] and enhances phagocytosis [63]. Melatonin exerts a concentration-dependent effect on the immune system.…”

Section: Effect Of Exogenous Melatonin On Inflammatory Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin: A pleiotropic molecule regulating inflammation

Radogna

Diederich

Ghibelli

2010

Biochemical Pharmacology

308

247

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Melatonin is a neurohormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep and circadian functions. Melatonin also regulates inflammatory and immune processes acting as both an activator and inhibitor of these responses. Melatonin demonstrates endocrine, but also paracrine and autocrine effects in the leukocyte compartment: on one side, leukocytes respond to melatonin in a circadian fashion; on the other side, leukocytes are able to synthesize melatonin by themselves.With its endocrine and paracrine effects, melatonin differentially modulates pro-inflammatory enzymes, controls production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and leukotrienes and regulates the lifespan of leukocytes by interfering with apoptotic processes. Moreover, its potent anti-oxidant ability allows scavenging of oxidative stress in the inflamed tissues. The interesting timing of pro-and anti-inflammatory effects, such as those affecting lipoxygenase activity, suggests that melatonin might promote early phases of inflammation on one hand and contribute to its attenuation on the other hand, in order to avoid complications of chronic inflammation. This review aims at giving a comprehensive overview of the various inflammatory pathways regulated by this pleiotropic hormone.

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“…(iii) an increase in the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and production of interleukin (IL)-1 and tumour necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣) in splenic macrophages of mice [5];…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption of Nocturnal Melatonin Rhythm and Immunological Involvement in Ischaemic Stroke Patients

Fiorina

Lattuada²,

Silvestrini³

et al. 1999

Scand J Immunol

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The aim of this study was to evaluate nocturnal and diurnal urinary melatonin excretion in a group of ischaemic stroke patients, and to verify if a possible impairment of this excretion could be linked with some changes of immunological and neuro-psychic status. We assessed 13 ischaemic stroke patients and five healthy controls for nocturnal urinary melatonin excretion, which was found to be impaired in stroke patients (patients, 0.05 Ϯ 0.01 ng/ml; controls, 30 Ϯ 3.0 ng/ml; P < 0.001). No differences were found between the groups with regard to diurnal excretion. Patients with impaired nocturnal melatonin excretion presented: a decreased cell-mediated immunity (assessed by a skin-test); a prevalence of anergic status (69% of patients were anergic compared with 0% of controls; P < 0.05); a slight (but not significant) enhancement of plasma cortisol levels; and some changes in lymphocyte subsets (an overall decrease in CD3 lymphocyte number). In almost all the ischaemic stroke patients there was an impairment of cortisol/melatonin ratio (a marker of depression) and an altered sleep rhythm with mood disorders. Our data suggest that ischaemic stroke patients had an impairment of nocturnal urinary melatonin excretion, which was associated with an impaired cellmediated immunity and some changes of lymphocyte subsets. In addition, reduced melatonin excretion might be associated with neurological and psychical symptoms.

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Melatonin increases antigen presentation and amplifies specific and non specific signals for T-cell proliferation

Cited by 168 publications

References 22 publications

Dietary melatonin selectively reverses age-related changes in cortical cytokine mRNA levels, and their responses to an inflammatory stimulus

Dietary melatonin selectively reverses age-related changes in cortical cytokine mRNA levels, and their responses to an inflammatory stimulus

Melatonin: A pleiotropic molecule regulating inflammation

Disruption of Nocturnal Melatonin Rhythm and Immunological Involvement in Ischaemic Stroke Patients

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