Melatonin premedication and the induction dose of propofol

Abstract

Melatonin premedication, in an oral dose of either 3 or 5 mg, reduced the required dose of propofol to achieve a BIS score of 45, reflecting a sufficient level of hypnosis for tracheal intubation without prolongation of postoperative recovery room stay.

A systematic review of peri‐operative melatonin

“…The controls were inactive placebo [4-6, 12-20, 22, 24-30, 32], clonidine [5], dexmedetomidine [29] and midazolam [15, 17-19, 21, 22, 27, 29]. One study included a control group in which patients did not receive a placebo [23]. Participants had various operations: abdominal [15][16][17]25, Full-text studies excluded (n = 17) -10 studies did not investigate surgical patients -3 studies were protocol studies -2 studies were not randomised -2 studies used melatonin only in combination with other drug interventions 32]; dental [27]; gynaecological [5,6,18,19,30]; ophthalmological [4,14]; orthopaedic [12]; thoracic [28,29]; urological [13]; vascular [26]; and mixed [20][21][22][23][24]31].…”

“…Participants had various operations: abdominal [15][16][17]25, Full-text studies excluded (n = 17) -10 studies did not investigate surgical patients -3 studies were protocol studies -2 studies were not randomised -2 studies used melatonin only in combination with other drug interventions 32]; dental [27]; gynaecological [5,6,18,19,30]; ophthalmological [4,14]; orthopaedic [12]; thoracic [28,29]; urological [13]; vascular [26]; and mixed [20][21][22][23][24]31]. The anaesthetic techniques included: general anaesthesia [13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][28][29][30][31][32]; intravenous regional anaesthesia [12]; neuraxial block [5,6,20,26,31]; sedation …”

“…Three RCTs (n = 316) investigated the effect of melatonin on anaesthetic induction dose [23,24,30]. The studies used bispectral index [23,30] or clinical CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; GA, general anaesthesia; IVRA, intravenous regional analgesia; Dex', dexmedetomidine; SL, sublingual; IV, intravenous; <, before surgery; >, after surgery.…”

“…Melatonin reduced the intravenous anaesthetic dose [23,24] but not the dose of sevoflurane [30]. Melatonin was less effective than clonidine in facilitating successful 'steal' induction of anaesthesia in 87 children [31].…”

Prospective study of anxiety in patients undergoing an outpatient colonoscopy

“…Some are also used in the case of colonoscopy (4,5,8,9). Therefore, if the state of anxiety is clinically significant it is possible to resort to such methods to improve the situation All the above circumstances justify the need to carry out the study, with the objective of analyzing the frequency and degree of outpatient colonoscopy anxiety in our hospital, as well as determining the factors which cause this effect, and its influence on the tolerance of the procedure.…”