Melioidosis in Animals, Thailand, 2006–2010

Limmathurotsakul, Direk; Thammasart, Suree; Warrasuth, Nattachai; Thapanagulsak, Patiporn; Jatapai, Anchalee; Pengreungrojanachai, V.; Anun, S.; Joraka, W.; Thongkamkoon, Pacharee; Saiyen, P.; Wongratanacheewin, Surasakdi; Day, Nicholas P. J.; Peacock, Sharon J.

doi:10.3201/eid1802.111347

Cited by 36 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For the patient we report, common predisposing factors for melioidosis were not observed, and an inoculation event or definite exposure to contaminated soil or water were not identified. The patient had consumed raw, nonpasteurized goat milk, and B. pseudomallei has been isolated from this food ( 14 ), but this possible link was not conclusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melioidosis in Traveler from Africa to Spain

Morosini¹,

Quereda²,

Gil³

et al. 2013

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melioidosis in Traveler from Africa to Spain

Morosini¹,

Quereda²,

Gil³

et al. 2013

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…), which compares well with human disease in terms of clinical presentation, epizootiology (Limmathurotsakul et al . ), organ distribution and histopathology (Piggott & Hochholzer ; Wong et al . ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of percutaneous infection of goats with Burkholderia pseudomallei: clinical, pathologic, and immunological responses in chronic melioidosis

Soffler

Bosco‐Lauth

Aboellail

et al. 2014

Int J Experimental Path

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Melioidosis is a severe suppurative to granulomatous infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. The disease is endemic to South-East Asia and Northern Australasia and is also of interest as a potential biological weapon. Natural infection can occur by percutaneous inoculation, inhalation or ingestion, but the relative importance of each route is unknown. Experimental infection models using mice have shown inhalation to be the most lethal route of exposure, but few studies have examined the pathogenesis of percutaneous infection despite its presumptive importance in natural disease. Caprine models are useful in the study of melioidosis because goats are susceptible to natural infection by B. pseudomallei, display similar epizootiology/epidemiology to that of humans within the endemic range and develop similar pathologic lesions. Percutaneous inoculation with 10(4) CFU of B. pseudomallei produced disease in all experimental animals with rapid dissemination to the lungs, spleen and kidneys. Initial fever was brief, but temperatures did not return to pre-infection levels until day 18, concurrent with a dramatic lymphocytosis and the transition to chronic disease. Distribution and appearance of gross pathologic and radiographic lesions in goats were similar to caprine aerosol infection and to reported human disease. The similarities seen despite different routes of infection suggest that host or bacterial factors may be more important than the route of infection in disease pathogenesis. The nature of melioidosis in goats makes it amenable for modelling additional risk factors to produce acute clinical disease, which is important to the study of human melioidosis.

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“…he saprophytic bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is the cause of melioidosis, a severe invasive disease in humans and animals (1,2). Melioidosis has a high mortality rate and is the third most common cause of death from infectious diseases, after AIDS and tuberculosis, in northeast Thailand (3,4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

VgrG-5 Is a Burkholderia Type VI Secretion System-Exported Protein Required for Multinucleated Giant Cell Formation and Virulence

et al. 2014

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The type VI secretion system (T6SS) has emerged as a critical virulence factor for the group of closely related Burkholderia spp. that includes Burkholderia pseudomallei, B. mallei, and B. thailandensis. While the genomes of these bacteria, referred to as the Bptm group, appear to encode several T6SSs, we and others have shown that one of these, type VI secretion system 5 (T6SS-5), is required for virulence in mammalian infection models. Despite its pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the Bptm group, the effector repertoire of T6SS-5 has remained elusive. Here we used quantitative mass spectrometry to compare the secretome of wildtype B. thailandensis to that of a mutant harboring a nonfunctional T6SS-5. This analysis identified VgrG-5 as a novel secreted protein whose export depends on T6SS-5 function. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that VgrG-5 is a specialized VgrG protein that harbors a C-terminal domain (CTD) conserved among Bptm group species. We found that a vgrG-5 ⌬CTD mutant is avirulent in mice and is unable to stimulate the fusion of host cells, a hallmark of the Bptm group previously shown to require T6SS-5 function. The singularity of VgrG-5 as a detected T6SS-5 substrate, taken together with the essentiality of its CTD for virulence, suggests that the protein is critical for the effector activity of T6SS-5. Intriguingly, we show that unlike the bacterial-cell-targeting T6SSs characterized so far, T6SS-5 localizes to the bacterial cell pole. We propose a model whereby the CTD of VgrG-5-, propelled by T6SS-5-, plays a key role in inducing membrane fusion, either by the recruitment of other factors or by direct participation.

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Melioidosis in Animals, Thailand, 2006–2010

Cited by 36 publications

References 11 publications

Melioidosis in Traveler from Africa to Spain

Melioidosis in Traveler from Africa to Spain

Pathogenesis of percutaneous infection of goats with Burkholderia pseudomallei: clinical, pathologic, and immunological responses in chronic melioidosis

VgrG-5 Is a Burkholderia Type VI Secretion System-Exported Protein Required for Multinucleated Giant Cell Formation and Virulence

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