Melodic Contour Similarity Using Folk Melodies

Schmuckler, Mark A.

doi:10.1525/mp.2010.28.2.169

Cited by 35 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Nonetheless, one way of characterizing this regularity is by examining the element‐by‐element interval structure of the two different pattern sequences. This can be accomplished with an interval content analysis of the pattern sequences, a procedure that has a long history in domains such as melodic contour processing (e.g., Friedmann, , ; Marvin & Laprade, ; Quinn, ; Schmuckler, , ). An interval content analysis simply computes the numerical difference between pattern sequence elements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be accomplished with an interval content analysis of the pattern sequences, a procedure that has a long history in domains such as melodic contour processing (e.g., Friedmann, 1985Friedmann, , 1987Marvin & Laprade, 1987;Quinn, 1999;Schmuckler, 1999Schmuckler, , 2010). An interval content analysis simply computes the numerical difference between pattern sequence elements.…”

Section: Test-trial Type Main Effect Indicates That Infants Looked Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Learning of hierarchical serial patterns emerges in infancy

Lewkowicz

Schmuckler

Mangalindan

2018

Developmental Psychobiology

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Recursive, hierarchically organized serial patterns provide the underlying structure in many cognitive and motor domains including speech, language, music, social interaction, and motor action. We investigated whether learning of hierarchical patterns emerges in infancy by habituating 204 infants to different hierarchical serial patterns and then testing for discrimination and generalization of such patterns. Results indicated that 8- to 10-month-old and 12- to 14-month-old infants exhibited sensitivity to the difference between hierarchical and non-hierarchical structure but that 4- to 6-month-old infants did not. These findings demonstrate that the ability to perceive, learn, and generalize recursive, hierarchical, pattern rules emerges in infancy and add to growing evidence that general-purpose pattern learning mechanisms emerge during the first year of life.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Test-trial Type Main Effect Indicates That Infants Looked Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning of hierarchical serial patterns emerges in infancy

Lewkowicz

Schmuckler

Mangalindan

2018

Developmental Psychobiology

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“…A comparison of these methods to perception and memory is carried out in [29,30], suggesting that the information-rich models do better than more simplistic ones. Perceptual responses to melodic contour changes have also been studied systematically [30][31][32], revealing differences between typologies and which ones come closest to resembling models of human contour perception.…”

Section: Analyzing Melodic Contourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing Free-Hand Sound-Tracings of Melodic Phrases

Kelkar

Jensenius

2018

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:In this paper, we report on a free-hand motion capture study in which 32 participants 'traced' 16 melodic vocal phrases with their hands in the air in two experimental conditions. Melodic contours are often thought of as correlated with vertical movement (up and down) in time, and this was also our initial expectation. We did find an arch shape for most of the tracings, although this did not correspond directly to the melodic contours. Furthermore, representation of pitch in the vertical dimension was but one of a diverse range of movement strategies used to trace the melodies. Six different mapping strategies were observed, and these strategies have been quantified and statistically tested. The conclusion is that metaphorical representation is much more common than a 'graph-like' rendering for such a melodic sound-tracing task. Other findings include a clear gender difference for some of the tracing strategies and an unexpected representation of melodies in terms of a small object for some of the Hindustani music examples. The data also show a tendency of participants moving within a shared 'social box'.

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“…Many studies ask experimental subjects, often experts, to judge the similarity between pairs of melodies or extracts of melodies on a rating scale (Eerola et al, 2001;Eerola & Bregman, 2007;Müllensiefen & Frieler, 2004;Müllensiefen & Frieler, 2007;Schmuckler, 2010). This has the advantage of directly generating measures of difference which will almost certainly have the first three properties of a metric.…”

Section: Experimental Paradigmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Note that in this case the similarity judgement can no longer be assumed to be symmetric.) Sometimes subjects' attention has been drawn to particular aspects of the melody, for example by being told in advance that the experiment was concerned with contour (Schmuckler, 2010).…”

Section: Similarity and Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrogating Melodic Similarity: A Definitive Phenomenon or the Product of Interpretation?

Marsden

2012

Journal of New Music Research

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The nature of melodic similarity is interrogated through a survey of the different means by which the phenomenon has been studied, examination of methods for measuring melodic similarity, a Monte Carlo analysis of data from the experiment which formed the basis for the 'ground truth' used in the MIREX 2005 contest on melodic similarity, and examples of interest in the music of Mozart. Melodic similarity has been studied by a number of means, sometimes quite contrasting, which lead to important differences in the light of the finding that similarity is dependent on context. Models of melodic similarity based on reduction show that the existence of multiple possible reductions forms a natural basis for similarity to depend on interpretation. Examination of the MIREX 2005 data shows wide variations in subjects' judgements of melodic similarity and some evidence that the perceived similarity between two melodies can be influenced by the presence of a third melody. Examples from Mozart suggest that he deliberately exploited the possibilities inherent in recognising similarity through different interpretations. It is therefore proposed that similarity be thought of not as a distinct and definite function of two melodies but as something created in the minds of those who hear the melodies.

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Melodic Contour Similarity Using Folk Melodies

Cited by 35 publications

References 42 publications

Learning of hierarchical serial patterns emerges in infancy

Learning of hierarchical serial patterns emerges in infancy

Analyzing Free-Hand Sound-Tracings of Melodic Phrases

Interrogating Melodic Similarity: A Definitive Phenomenon or the Product of Interpretation?

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