Melon yellow-green plant (Cmygp) encodes a Golden2-like transcription factor regulating chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development

Yang, Sen; Wang, Xiaojuan; Yan, Wenkai; Song, Pengyao; Guo, Yaomiao; Xie, Kuixi; Hu, Jianbin; Hou, Juan; Wu, Yufeng; Zhu, Huayu; Sun, Shouru; Yang, Luming

doi:10.1007/s00122-023-04343-9

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Studies have shown that AhGLK is associated with leaf yellowing and activates the expression of the AhCAB gene in peanuts [20]. In addition, in melon, the CmGLK protein was found to interact with light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein, thereby affecting chloroplast development [19]. In this study, the downregulated genes (CAB3C and CAB40) among genes coding for light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding genes were selected to study the GLK regulatory mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Arabidopsis and tea trees, it has been found that downregulation of the lhcb gene causes yellowing of plant leaves [17,18]. Further research has found that the interaction between lightharvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein and GLK regulates leaf color in peanuts and melon [19,20]. However, the molecular mechanism by which GLK specifically regulates chloroplast development in cucumber remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of the Leaf Yellowing in Allotriploid Cucumber

Wang,

Xia,

Chen

et al. 2024

Genes

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Yellowing leaves are ideal materials for studying the metabolic pathways of photosynthetic pigment chloroplast development, and the mechanism of photosynthetic systems. Here, we obtained a triploid material HCC (2n = 3x = 26), which was derived from hybridization between the artificial tetraploid Cucumis × hytivus (2n = 4x = 38, HHCC) and the cultivated cucumber Cucumis sativus (2n = 2x = 14, CC), and this triploid HCC showed obvious leaf yellowing characteristics. Phenotypic observation results showed that chloroplast development was impaired, the chlorophyll content decreased, and photosynthesis decreased in yellowing HCC leaves. The transcriptome results indicated that HCC-GLK is significantly downregulated in HCC and participates in the regulation of leaf yellowing. GO enrichment analysis revealed that differential genes were enriched in the heme binding and tetrapyrrole binding pathways related to leaf color. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that differential genes were predominantly enriched in photosynthesis-related pathways. The experimental results of VIGS and yeast hybridization showed that silencing the GLK gene can induce leaf yellowing in cucumber plants, and the GLK protein can affect plant chloroplast development by interacting with the CAB3C protein (light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding) in the plant chlorophyll synthesis pathway. The current findings have not only enhanced our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of the GLK transcription factor in cucumber but also introduced novel insights and directions for investigating the molecular mechanism underlying polyploid leaf yellowing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of the Leaf Yellowing in Allotriploid Cucumber

Wang,

Xia,

Chen

et al. 2024

Genes

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“…Transcription factors have been found to function on chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development in plants in a positive or negative manner [72,73]. In the chlm mutant, there were 49 transcription factors identified to show up-or down-expression (Figure 10, Table S8).…”

Section: Transcription Regulation May Play An Important Role In the R...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, Cytological, and Transcriptomic Analysis of Magnesium Protoporphyrin IX Methyltransferase Mutant Reveal Complex Genetic Regulatory Network Linking Chlorophyll Synthesis and Chloroplast Development in Rice

Yao,

Zhang,

Guo

et al. 2023

Plants

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Functional defects in key genes for chlorophyll synthesis usually cause abnormal chloroplast development, but the genetic regulatory network for these key genes in regulating chloroplast development is still unclear. Magnesium protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase (ChlM) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the process of chlorophyll synthesis. Physiological analysis showed that the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were significantly decreased in the chlm mutant. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the chloroplasts of the chlm mutant were not well developed, with poor, loose, and indistinct thylakoid membranes. Hormone content analysis found that jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and auxin accumulated in the mutant. A comparative transcriptome profiling identified 1534 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between chlm and the wild type, including 876 up-regulated genes and 658 down-regulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that these DEGs were highly involved in chlorophyll metabolism, chloroplast development, and photosynthesis. Protein−protein interaction network analysis found that protein translation played an essential role in the ChlM gene-regulated process. Specifically, 62 and 6 DEGs were annotated to regulate chlorophyll and carotenoid metabolism, respectively; 278 DEGs were predicted to be involved in regulating chloroplast development; 59 DEGs were found to regulate hormone regulatory pathways; 192 DEGs were annotated to regulate signal pathways; and 49 DEGs were putatively identified as transcription factors. Dozens of these genes have been well studied and reported to play essential roles in chlorophyll accumulation or chloroplast development, providing direct evidence for the reliability of the role of the identified DEGs. These findings suggest that chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development are actively regulated by the ChlM gene. And it is suggested that hormones, signal pathways, and transcription regulation were all involved in these regulation processes. The accuracy of transcriptome data was validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. This study reveals a complex genetic regulatory network of the ChlM gene regulating chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development. The ChlM gene’s role in retrograde signaling was discussed. Jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, or their derivatives in a certain unknown state were proposed as retrograde signaling molecules in one of the signaling pathways from the chloroplast to nucleus.

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“…CmYGP encodes a Golden2-like transcription factor that is highly expressed in green tissues. Virus-induced gene silencing further con rmed that CmYGP reduced the number of chloroplasts and chlorophyll content, resulting in the formation of yellow-green melon leaves and fruits [14]. Studies have shown that chlorophyll and auxins are intertwined in Arabidopsis thaliana; through ARF7-IAA14 mediation, auxin inhibits the chlorophyll synthesis gene in A. thaliana and subsequently chlorophyll accumulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Quantitative trait loci sequencing and genetic mapping reveal two main regulatory genes for stem color in wax gourds

Chen,

Wang,

Bai

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Owing to its nutritional and health benefits, wax gourd [Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn. (2n = 2x = 24)] is a staple vegetable variety in China, especially southern China [1, 2]. Stem color is an important agronomic trait of wax gourds; however, its regulatory genes have not been identified. Methods In this study, 105 inbred lines constructed from two parents (GX-71 and MY-1) were sequenced again, and quantitative trait loci sequencing (QTL-seq) was used to mine the genes that regulate stem color in wax gourds. Results Two QTLs related to stem color, qSC5 and qSC12, were identified. QTL localization revealed, for the first time, that the stem color QTL qSC5 and qSC12 are located on Chr05 (11,134,567–16,459,268) and Chr12 (74,618,168–75,712,335), respectively. The explainable phenotypic variation rate and maximum limit of detection(LOD)of qSC5 were 36.9% and 16.9, respectively, while those of qSC12 were 20.9% and 11.2, respectively. Additionally, Bch05G003950 (named BchAPRR2) and Bch12G020400 were identified as candidate genes involved in stem color regulation in wax gourds. Moreover, the chlorophyll content and fluorescence expression levels of BchAPRR2 and Bch12G020400 were significantly higher in green-stemmed wax gourds than those in white-stemmed ones. Therefore, BchAPRR2 and Bch12G020400 were considered the main and secondary regulatory genes for wax gourd stem color, respectively. Finally, InDel markers closely linked to BchAPRR2 were developed to validate the prediction of wax gourd stem color traits in 55 germplasm lines, with an accuracy of 81.8%. Conclusions This study identified the main and secondary genes regulating stem color in wax gourds; these findings lay the foundation for exploring the genetic regulation of wax gourd stem color and future research on wax gourd breeding.

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Melon yellow-green plant (Cmygp) encodes a Golden2-like transcription factor regulating chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of the Leaf Yellowing in Allotriploid Cucumber

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of the Leaf Yellowing in Allotriploid Cucumber

Physiological, Cytological, and Transcriptomic Analysis of Magnesium Protoporphyrin IX Methyltransferase Mutant Reveal Complex Genetic Regulatory Network Linking Chlorophyll Synthesis and Chloroplast Development in Rice

Quantitative trait loci sequencing and genetic mapping reveal two main regulatory genes for stem color in wax gourds

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