Melt-derived bioactive glass scaffolds produced by a gel-cast foaming technique

Wu, Z.; Hill, Robert G.; Sheng, Yongwei; Nightingale, Donovan; Lee, Peter; Jones, Julian R.

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2010.11.041

Cited by 138 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Bioactive glass scaffolds, with a suitable interconnected that the advantage of the direct foaming is that the mechanical properties are enhanced compared to foam replicates as the struts will not be hollow. The adapted gel cast foaming process developed herein evolved from work by Wu et al [5]. Wu et al's process used in situ polymerisation of acrylic monomers to form the gel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly degradable porous melt-derived bioactive glass foam scaffolds for bone regeneration

et al. 2017

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a b s t r a c tA challenge in using bioactive melt-derived glass in bone regeneration is to produce scaffolds with interconnected pores while maintaining the amorphous nature of the glass and its associated bioactivity. Here we introduce a method for creating porous melt-derived bioactive glass foam scaffolds with low silica content and report in vitro and preliminary in vivo data. The gel-cast foaming process was adapted, employing temperature controlled gelation of gelatin, rather than the in situ acrylic polymerisation used previously. To form a 3D construct from melt derived glasses, particles must be fused via thermal processing, termed sintering. The original Bioglass Ò 45S5 composition crystallises upon sintering, altering its bioactivity, due to the temperature difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallisation onset being small. Here, we optimised and compared scaffolds from three glass compositions, ICIE16, PSrBG and 13-93, which were selected due to their widened sintering windows. Amorphous scaffolds with modal pore interconnect diameters between 100-150 mm and porosities of 75% had compressive strengths of 3.4 ± 0.3 MPa, 8.4 ± 0.8 MPa and 15.3 ± 1.8 MPa, for ICIE16, PSrBG and 13-93 respectively. These porosities and compressive strength values are within the range of cancellous bone, and greater than previously reported foamed scaffolds. Dental pulp stem cells attached to the scaffold surfaces during in vitro culture and were viable. In vivo, the scaffolds were found to regenerate bone in a rabbit model according to X-ray micro tomography imaging. Statement of SignificanceThis manuscript describes a new method for making scaffolds from bioactive glasses using highly bioactive glass compositions. The glass compositions have lower silica content that those that have been previously made into amorphous scaffolds and they have been designed to have similar network connectivity to that of the original (and commercially used) 45S5 Bioglass. The aim was to match Bioglass' bioactivity. The scaffolds retain the amorphous nature of bioactive glass while having an open pore structure and compressive strength similar to porous bone (the original 45S5 Bioglass crystallises during sintering, which can cause reduced bioactivity or instability).The new scaffolds showed unexpectedly rapid bone regeneration in a rabbit model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly degradable porous melt-derived bioactive glass foam scaffolds for bone regeneration

et al. 2017

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“…Porous bioactive glass scaffolds can be fabricated with inter-connected pores and compressive strengths that match porous bone 5,6,7 , but they are too brittle for sites that are subjected to cyclic loading 5,8,9 . Inorganic-organic hybrids are of great interest because their molecular level interaction between the two components can provide synergistic properties while acting as a single phase material 10,11,12,13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Mechanical Properties of Sol–Gel Hybrids for Bone Regeneration through Polymer Structure

Chung

Stevens

et al. 2016

Chem. Mater.

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Bioglass® was the first synthetic biomaterial that formed a chemical bond to bone. Although bioactive glass scaffolds can mimic bone's porous structure, they are brittle. Sol-gel derived hybrids could overcome this problem because their nanoscale co-networks of silica and organic polymer have the potential to provide unique physical properties and controlled homogenous biodegradation. Copolymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) has been used as an organic source for hybrids to take advantage of its self-hardening property. However, the effect of well-defined poly(MMA-co-TMSPMA) architecture in the hybrid system has not been investigated. Here, linear, randomly branched and star shaped methacrylate based copolymers were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization method. These copolymers were then used to fabricate hybrids. The 3-D polymer structure had a significant effect on mechanical properties, providing higher strain to failure while maintaining a compressive strength similar to sol-gel glass. Star copolymer-SiO2 hybrids had a modulus of toughness 9.6 fold greater, and Young's modulus 4.5 fold lower than a sol-gel derived bioactive glass. During in vitro cell culture, MC3T3-E1 osteoblast precursor cells adhered on the surface regardless of the polymer structure. Introducing star polymers to inorganic-organic hybrids opens up possibilities for the fine-tuning physical properties of bone scaffold materials.

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“…For example, Rehman and Zhang prepared hydroxyapatite scaffolds with porosities ranging from 70 to 77% by combining gel-casting and replica methods 45 . Wu and collaborators produced bioglass scaffolds with 74-84% porosity by using a modified gel-casting of foams 46 . The porosity of β-TCP and β-TCP/Al 2 O 3 scaffolds determined by microtomography varied from 70 to 77%, values lower than those obtained by geometric porosity for all scaffolds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Characterization and Biological Studies of Β-TCP and Β-TCP/Al2O3 Scaffolds Obtained by Gel-Casting of Foams

et al. 2017

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Replacement tissues for tissue engineering can be produced by seeding human cells onto scaffolds. In order to guarantee adequate bio-compatibility, porosity and mechanical resistance for promoting cellular growth, proliferation and differentiation within scaffold structures, it is necessary to investigate and improve materials and processing routes. β-tricalcium phosphate can be considered a very suitable bio-ceramic material for bone therapy because of its biocompatibility, osteo-conductivity and neovascularization potential. Alumina is commonly used as a sintering additive. In this study, β-TCP and β-TCP/Al 2 O 3 scaffolds were obtained by gel-casting method. The scaffolds showed high porosity (86-88%) and pore sizes ranging from 200 to 500 μm. Even though alumina did not promote improvement in β-TCP/Al 2 O 3 scaffolds in terms of mechanical performance, they showed great cytocompatibility as there was no cytotoxic and genotoxic effect. Therefore, β-TCP and β-TCP/Al 2 O 3 scaffolds are good candidates for application in tissue engineering.

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Melt-derived bioactive glass scaffolds produced by a gel-cast foaming technique

Cited by 138 publications

References 31 publications

Highly degradable porous melt-derived bioactive glass foam scaffolds for bone regeneration

Highly degradable porous melt-derived bioactive glass foam scaffolds for bone regeneration

Tailoring Mechanical Properties of Sol–Gel Hybrids for Bone Regeneration through Polymer Structure

Preparation, Characterization and Biological Studies of Β-TCP and Β-TCP/Al2O3 Scaffolds Obtained by Gel-Casting of Foams

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