Melt Electrospinning of Small Molecules

Singer, Julia C.; Ringk, Andreas; Giesa, Reiner; Schmidt, Hans‐Werner

doi:10.1002/mame.201400296

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…In this case, fiber formation may be attributed to strong intermolecular interactions leading to supramolecular assemblies. Systems with strong intermolecular interactions such as trisamides and modified cyclodextrins that form supramolecular assemblies that aggregate can form fibers in the presence of small amounts of polymer or in the absence of polymer [35][36][37]. At increased LC concentrations, LC-LC interactions may promote polymer-polymer interactions which increase the effective entanglements and facilitate uniform fiber formation.…”

Section: Blend Solution Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochromic Fibers via Electrospinning

et al. 2020

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Cholesteryl ester liquid crystals exhibit thermochromic properties related to the existence of a twisted nematic phase. We formulate ternary mixtures of cholesteryl benzoate (CB), cholesteryl pelargonate (CP), and cholesteryl oleyl carbonate (COC) to achieve thermochromic behavior. We aim to achieve thermochromic fibers by incorporating the liquid crystal formulations into electrospun fibers. Two methods of incorporating the liquid crystal (LC) are compared: (1) blend electrospinning and (2) coaxial electrospinning using the same solvent system for the liquid crystal. For blend electrospinning, intermolecular interactions seem to be important in facilitating fiber formation since addition of LC can suppress bead formation. Coaxial electrospinning produces fibers with higher nominal fiber production rates (g/hr) and with higher nominal LC content in the fiber (wt. LC/wt. polymer assuming all of the solvent evaporates) but larger fiber size distributions as quantified by the coefficient of variation in fiber diameter than blend electrospinning with a single nozzle. Importantly, our proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate that coaxially electrospinning with LC and solvent in the core preserves the thermochromic properties of the LC so that thermochromic fibers are achieved.

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Section: Blend Solution Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochromic Fibers via Electrospinning

et al. 2020

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“…Long and coworkers and Bittner and coworkers studied electrospinning of various small molecules. These small molecules have strong intermolecular interaction and behave like entangled polymer chains . In contrast, the disk‐shaped pitch molecules do not have such an intermolecular interaction, pitch solution could only be electro‐sprayed into beads or whiskers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These small molecules have strong intermolecular interaction and behave like entangled polymer chains . In contrast, the disk‐shaped pitch molecules do not have such an intermolecular interaction, pitch solution could only be electro‐sprayed into beads or whiskers . A binder for pitch molecules is needed to create the entanglement between molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of carbon nanofibers from polyacrylonitrile/pitch blends

Liu

Lafdi

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Continuous carbon nanofibers had been widely studied based on different processing methods and precursors. Especially, electrospinning was introduced as a versatile method for fabricating ultrathin fibers. However, as the limitation of precursor, pitch had not been well studied due to its viscosity and miscibility problem. A comprehensive study on the electrospinning of the blends [pitch and polyacrylonitrile (PAN)] was explored. Thermodynamic miscibility was studied by using differential scanning calorimeter. Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy was used to show interaction and potential reaction between pitch and PAN molecules. Finally, smooth, continuous, and cylindrical carbon nanofibers were successfully fabricated by electrospinning technique. Based on Raman analysis result, the addition of pitch enhanced the carbon crystallite which improved the overall electrical conductivity and modulus of nanofibers.

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“…For example, the liquid crystalline behavior of this dye resulted in semiconducting [19][20][21] and temperature-responsive materials. [22,23] Moreover,s olventfree techniques were exploited to shape these dyes into welldefined fibers [24] and to prepareo riented nanoporous silica films. [25] In contrastt oa dvances in bulk processing, the number of studies on PDIs in aqueous solution has been limited by their poor solubility.R ecent efforts have been made to improvet he aqueous solubility of PDIsb yi ntroducingh ydrophilic substituents at different positions on the perylene core.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the liquid crystalline behavior of this dye resulted in semiconducting and temperature‐responsive materials . Moreover, solvent‐free techniques were exploited to shape these dyes into well‐defined fibers and to prepare oriented nanoporous silica films . In contrast to advances in bulk processing, the number of studies on PDIs in aqueous solution has been limited by their poor solubility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Side‐Chain Polarity and the Self‐Assembly Characteristics of Perylene Diimide Derivatives in Aqueous Solution

et al. 2017

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Perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic acid diimides (PDIs) have recently gained considerable interest for water‐based biosensing applications. PDIs have been studied intensively in the bulk state, but their physical properties in aqueous solution in interplay with side‐chain polarity are, however, poorly understood. Therefore, three perylene diimide based derivatives were synthesized to study the relationship between side‐chain polarity and their self‐assembly characteristics in water. The polarity of the side chains was found to dictate the size and morphology of the formed aggregates. Side‐chain polarity rendered the self‐assembly and photophysical properties of the PDIs—both important for imminent water‐based applications—and these were revealed to be especially responsive to changes in solvent composition.

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Melt Electrospinning of Small Molecules

Cited by 19 publications

References 114 publications

Thermochromic Fibers via Electrospinning

Thermochromic Fibers via Electrospinning

Fabrication and characterization of carbon nanofibers from polyacrylonitrile/pitch blends

Relationship between Side‐Chain Polarity and the Self‐Assembly Characteristics of Perylene Diimide Derivatives in Aqueous Solution

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