Melt modification of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) with alcohols in the presence of 1,3-oxazolines

Bruch, Matthias; Mäder, Dietmar; Bauers, Florian Martin; Loontjens, Ton; Mülhaupt, Rolf

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(20000415)38:8<1222::aid-pola5>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although the products yielded from ethyl hydroxymethyl oxazoline (EHMOXA)–S/AN reactions show new peaks in FTIR spectra with all four agents at 1730 and 1650 cm −1 due to the ester–amide formation, no such peaks have been found with BenzOXA–S/AN because of the high stability of the aromatic system. The ester–amide peaks found are in good agreement with the results reported by Hu et al46 and Bruch at al 55. for similar reactions.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Compatibilization of polymer blends from poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) and polycarbonate by oxazoline modification of poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) in the melt

Becker¹,

Schmidt‐Naake²

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A good way of achieving compatibility in polymer blends of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (S/AN) and bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) is the chemical modification of S/AN in the melt. A catalyzed reaction of the nitrile groups with a substituted 2-amino alcohol or 2-amino phenol resulted in a conversion of nitrile groups of 55-75% in 60 min. The introduced heterocyclic structures were ethyl hydroxymethyl oxazoline (EHMOXA) and benzoxazole (Benz-OXA), respectively. The use of dibutyltin oxide as a catalyst led to the highest efficiency. The modified polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and reactions with organic acids and anhydrides. The modified S/AN showed good technical compatibility (single glass-transition temperature) with PC in blends made from solution and from the melt. All blends were characterized with oscillating rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Rheological measurements showed that EHMOXA-S/AN reacted with PC and had crosslinked structures, whereas BenzOXA-S/AN showed compatibilization without any (crosslinking) reaction. The melt blends of BenzOXA-S/AN and PC showed a downward shift in the complex viscosity due to the influence of the BenzOXA group.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Compatibilization of polymer blends from poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) and polycarbonate by oxazoline modification of poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) in the melt

Becker¹,

Schmidt‐Naake²

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The quantitative ring‐opening reaction of the anhydride groups required the harder reaction conditions, such as reflux in toluene for 5 h. The peak due to the anhydride moiety was not observed in the spectrum of the isolated product [Figure (c)]. In the literature, the reactivity of functional groups, such as anhydride, acyl chloride, and isocyanate groups, was reduced when they were incorporated as a part of the polymer repeating structure …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinking and ozone degradation of thermosetting resins based on maleic anhydride/diene copolymer and polyfunctional alcohols

Lou

Nagashima

Okamura

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Crosslinking and de-crosslinking reactions of an alternating copolymer of maleic anhydride (MAn) and 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene (DMPD) by thermal curing with polyfunctional alcohols as the crosslinkers and subsequent ozone degradation are reported in this article. The ring-opening reaction of an anhydride group by polyfunctional alcohols produces network polymers with an ester linkage. The rate of crosslinking reaction depends on the curing conditions, i.e. the structure of the used alcohols and the curing temperature and time. The crosslinking density of the alcohol-cured copolymers is low due to a slow reaction between the anhydride and hydroxy groups, being different from the corresponding epoxy-cured copolymer with a dense network structure reported in a previous article. The insoluble resins are readily de-crosslinked and solubilized by ozone degradation. The polymer surface modification by ozone is also investigated.

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“…The concentration of the ink solution and stamp geometry were used to control the size of the printed dots. [28] Especially the patterned HSMA dots have potential as regularly arranged carriers of functional groups for optical and electronic applications, because the backbone chains of HSMA contain a large number of carboxyl groups, [23,24] which can react with many other organic [29,30] and inorganic moieties [31] and species related to colloid chemistry. [3,26] By the lFCP approach, one polymer can be printed onto another polymer substrate surface to create an orderly and heterogeneously polymer-structured polymer surface system, where interfacial diffusion processes induced by heating, for example, may lead to orderly arranged blend regions in the polymer substrate; if these two polymers have reactive groups, interfacial reactions may take place in the diffusion process, as happens in a reactive blending.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterning Polymers by Micro-Fluid-Contact Printing

et al. 2001

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Equally sized and regularly spaced polymer dots can be produced by the new approach, based on microcontact printing, described here. It is shown that the printed dots are smaller than the protrusions of the stamp used and result from the transfer of polymer dot‐like aggregates formed by a topographically controlled dewetting process (see Figure) of the polymer solution on the microstructured stamp surface.

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Melt modification of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) with alcohols in the presence of 1,3-oxazolines

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Compatibilization of polymer blends from poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) and polycarbonate by oxazoline modification of poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) in the melt

Compatibilization of polymer blends from poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) and polycarbonate by oxazoline modification of poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) in the melt

Crosslinking and ozone degradation of thermosetting resins based on maleic anhydride/diene copolymer and polyfunctional alcohols

Patterning Polymers by Micro-Fluid-Contact Printing

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