Melt‐spinning dynamics and rheological properties of nylon 6

Bankar, Vilas G.; Spruiell, Joseph E.; White, James L.

doi:10.1002/app.1977.070210812

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These results and the individual stress vs. elongation curves are very similar to the previous results of Bankar et al 28 Data for drawn fibers are presented in Figure 20.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…and Kato, 26 Ishibashi, Aoki, and I~h i i , 2~ and Bankar et al 28 made birefringence measurements on a running threadline. For given spinning conditions the birefringence increased with distance from the spinneret as the fiber was drawn down.…”

Section: Previous Studies Of Melt Spinning and Drawing Of Nylon-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B a n k et al 28 made on-line WAXS patterns which showed that the filaments spun at low speeds into dry or humid air remained amorphous on the spinline. but exhibited the pseudohexagonal structure after conditioning.…”

Section: Previous Studies Of Melt Spinning and Drawing Of Nylon-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results together with the corresponding density data and chain axis orientation factors are summarized for each sample in Table III. The crystalline orientation factors are plotted in Figure 5 and compared to the results of Bankar et al 28 In Figure 6 the results of a special on-line experiment are shown. The birefringence was measured as a function of conditioning time at 60°F (15.6OC) and 55% relative humidity.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymorphism and orientation development in melt spinning, drawing, and annealing of nylon‐6 filaments

Gianchandani

Spruiell

Clark

1982

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisA new method has been developed for determining the total crystallinity and relative amounts of a-and y-phases in nylon-6 samples. The procedure is based on a combination of X-ray and density data and does not require complicated analytical procedures to separate overlapping reflections. The technique has been applied to study the structural changes accompanying the melt spinning, annealing, and drawing of nylon-6 fdaments. Higher spin draw ratios result in higher crystallinity, greater relative amounts of y-phase, and higher orientation. Annealing up to 2 h in boiling water or a 20% aqueous formic acid solution decreases the y-phase content, increases the a-phase content and total crystallinity, but does not e l i t e all of the y-phase in samples spun with high spin draw ratios. Annealing in vacuum also i nthe a-phase content when annealing ia carried out at temperatures above 120°C, but there is little effect below thia temperature. Drawing of ae-spun and conditioned f b e n t a at 9o°C also increases the a-phase content and decreases the y-phase content. The total crystalline content increases with draw ratio for samples with low spin draw ratia, but drawing has littie effect on the total crystalline content of samples spun with higher spin draw ratios. Drawing also resulta in substantial increases in orientation, especially for samples spun with low spin draw ratioa The effecta of these changes in structure on the mechanical properties are.also dmribed.

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“…These results and the individual stress vs. elongation curves are very similar to the previous results of Bankar et al 28 Data for drawn fibers are presented in Figure 20.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Previous Studies Of Melt Spinning and Drawing Of Nylon-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Studies Of Melt Spinning and Drawing Of Nylon-6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Polymorphism and orientation development in melt spinning, drawing, and annealing of nylon‐6 filaments

Gianchandani

Spruiell

Clark

1982

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The nylon 6 fibers exhibit diffraction patterns similar to those reported by ZiabickP and Bankar et al 23 with diffuse meridional and equatorial spots. The polypropylene exhibits diffraction patterns equivalent to that described by Natta and Corradini17 and Nadella et a1.22 These correspond to pseudohexagonal nylon 6 and monoclinic polypropylene.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Polypropylene/nylon 6 blends: Phase distribution morphology, rheological measurements, and structure development in melt spinning

Liang

White

Spruiell

et al. 1983

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Self Cite

113

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SynopsisA series of polypropylene (PP)/nylon 6 (N6) blends of composition 75/25,50/50, and 25/75 have been prepared in a screw extruder combined with a Koch static mixer. The phase morphology was observed with a scanning electron microscope. The influence of heating in the reservoir of a rheometer followed by subsequent extrusion through a capillary on the phase morphology was investigated. Phase size growth as a function of time was observed under quiescent and mild deformation rate conditions. The discrete phase size was observed to decrease with increasing extrusion rate through dies. The shear viscosity and principal normal stress difference of the blends were measured as a function of composition. The crystalline orientation of both polypropylene and nylon 6 in blend melt spun fibers was characterized by wide angle X-ray diffraction and interpreted in terms of Hermans-Stein orientation factors. The orientation increases with drawdown ratio. The orientation factors for the polypropylene phase vary with spinline stress in a manner independent of composition and identical to that for pure polypropylene. Extracting melt spun blend fibers with formic acid has produced small-diameter polypropylene minifilaments with diameters of the order of microns.

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Shear history effects in the spinning of polymers

Mewis

Cleyn

1982

AIChE Journal

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During their industrial processing, polymer liquids are usually subjected to complex flow histories. In principle, these can be taken into account in the constitutive equations. In reality, difficulties arise for complex flows. This fact can be illustrated by the spinning process. Here, experiments are presented in which the upstream section of a spinning device has been changed systematically. A constitutive model and a calculation procedure are suggested that permit an analysis of the upstream effects in the spinning flow. The results indicate that this analysis predicts well the spinning dynamics in the present experiments, using shear flow characteristics for the liquids. It is also concluded that the spinning flow can be altered by upstream changes. The changes in structure seem to be the most pronounced ones.

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Melt‐spinning dynamics and rheological properties of nylon 6

Cited by 44 publications

References 44 publications

Polymorphism and orientation development in melt spinning, drawing, and annealing of nylon‐6 filaments

Polymorphism and orientation development in melt spinning, drawing, and annealing of nylon‐6 filaments

Polypropylene/nylon 6 blends: Phase distribution morphology, rheological measurements, and structure development in melt spinning

Shear history effects in the spinning of polymers

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