Melting and Casting of Titanium Alloys

Abstract

Over the past decades, a large number of researchers have been trying titanium alloys in an attempt to combine most of their advantages, such as high specific yield strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent fatigue property and biocompatibility by casting route. However, the wide use of titanium alloys casting has been limited, since it is considered as only a near net shape forming process in titanium alloys due to the catastrophic reactivity of molten states, the alpha-case formations and the casting defects. In order to maximize the unique property of titanium alloys casting which are comparable to wrought products and quite often superior, it is necessary to take a close examination of titanium alloys casting procedure. Therefore, the merits and demerits of various melting devices, pouring methods and mold materials will be addressed with regard to improving titanium alloys casting.

Low-Cost Preparation Technologies for Titanium Alloys: A Review

“…The price of titanium metal is much higher than the general metal iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al), while the application of more alloying elements, such as V, Nb, Mo, will again increase the cost of raw materials. In addition, the molten state of titanium alloy has a large viscosity and poor filling mobility, which makes it easy to produce defects such as porosity during the solidification process [26]. On the other hand, the hot working and machining accounts for about 70% of the total cost of titanium alloys, which is a hardly desirable percentage.…”

Microstructural evolution and interfacial reactions between Ti and ZrO2/CaTiO3 composites

“…[1][2][3] Based on the mold material, the casting method of Ti alloys can be divided into sand casting, permanent mold casting, and investment casting or lost-max casting. [4][5][6][7] The mold of sand casting is typically prepared from sand or ceramic materials. Ti alloys exhibit high activity at high temperatures and easily react with molds to form a hard and brittle oxygen-rich layer.…”