Melting and nonmelting of solid surfaces and nanosystems

Tartaglino, U.; Zykova-Timan, T.; Ercolessi, F.; Tosatti, Erio

doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2005.01.004

Cited by 155 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…A similar trend is found at the highest temperature considered here, T = 0.048, with a single broad spot centered around a radius of 2.02. The peculiar core melting ef- Average radius fect is a consequence of the lower density of the inner shells, and is similar in this respect to the general surface melting process in solid state and nanoscale materials [36]. At first sight, this phenomenon may preclude from unambiguously defining the melting temperature of the entire system since, strictly speaking, the system is not yet fully melted when the global Lindemann index barely exceeds 0.15.…”

Section: Finite Temperature Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Crystallization of ion clouds in octupole traps: Structural transitions, core melting, and scaling laws

2009

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The stable structures and melting properties of ion clouds in isotropic octupole traps are investigated using a combination of semi-analytical and numerical models, with a particular emphasis at finite size scaling effects. Small-size clouds are found to be hollow and arranged in shells corresponding approximately to the solutions of the Thomson problem. The shell structure is lost in clusters containing more than a few thousands of ions, the inner parts of the cloud becoming soft and amorphous. While melting is triggered in the core shells, the melting temperature unexpectedly follows the rule expected for three-dimensional dense particles, with a depression scaling linearly with the inverse radius.

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Section: Finite Temperature Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Crystallization of ion clouds in octupole traps: Structural transitions, core melting, and scaling laws

2009

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“…We describe some of the principal features of these studies in the following; more detailed descriptions are given in several reviews ͑Dash, 1988, 1989a; Pluis and denier van der Gon, 1988;Dash et al, 1995;Suzanne and Gay, 1996;Tartaglino et al, 2005͒. A highly detailed series of experiments on single crystals of Pb gave quantitative measures of the depth of surface melting and its temperature range ͑Frenken and van der Veen, 1985͒. These studies used the technique of proton backscattering.…”

Section: Faraday Ice and Surface Meltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Premelting is the general term for the phenomenon which can occur at three different classes of interface: surface melting between a solid and its vapor or gaseous atmosphere, interfacial melting in contact with foreign solid or liquid, and grain-boundary melting between crystals of the same material. Several extensive reviews have been presented from a variety of perspectives ͑Dietrich, 1988; Sullivan and Telo da Gama, 1988;van der Veen et al, 1988;Lowen 1994;Dash et al, 1995;Tartaglino et al, 2005͒; presently, we review the theory from the standpoint of the thermodynamics of wetting ͑Schick, 1990͒.…”

Section: A Thermodynamics Of Premeltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences

2006

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The surface of ice exhibits the swath of phase-transition phenomena common to all materials and as such it acts as an ideal test bed of both theory and experiment. It is readily available, transparent, optically birefringent, and probing it in the laboratory does not require cryogenics or ultrahigh vacuum apparatus. Systematic study reveals the range of critical phenomena, equilibrium and nonequilibrium phase-transitions, and, most relevant to this review, premelting, that are traditionally studied in more simply bound solids. While this makes investigation of ice as a material appealing from the perspective of the physicist, its ubiquity and importance in the natural environment also make ice compelling to a broad range of disciplines in the Earth and planetary sciences. In this review we describe the physics of the premelting of ice and its relationship with the behavior of other materials more familiar to the condensed-matter community. A number of the many tendrils of the basic phenomena as they play out on land, in the oceans, and throughout the atmosphere and biosphere are developed.

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“…Most solid surfaces are known to wet themselves spontaneously with an atomically thin film of melt, when their temperature T is brought close enough to the melting point T m of the solid. The phenomenon whereby the thickness l(T ) of the liquid film diverges continuously (and critically) as T → T m , is commonly referred to as (complete) surface melting [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of solid and liquid alkali halide surfaces near the melting point

Zykova-Timan

Ceresoli

Tartaglino

et al. 2005

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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This paper presents a broad theoretical and simulation study of the high temperature behavior of crystalline alkali halide surfaces typified by NaCl(100), of the liquid NaCl surface near freezing, and of the very unusual partial wetting of the solid surface by the melt. Simulations are conducted using two-body rigid ion BMHFT potentials, with full treatment of long-range Coulomb forces. After a preliminary check of the description of bulk NaCl provided by these potentials, which seems generally good even at the melting point, we carry out a new investigation of solid and liquid surfaces. Solid NaCl(100) is found in this model to be very anharmonic and yet exceptionally stable when hot. It is predicted by a thermodynamic integration calculation of the surface free energy that NaCl(100) should be a well ordered, non-melting surface, metastable even well above the melting point. By contrast, the simulated liquid NaCl surface is found to exhibit large thermal fluctuations and no layering order. In spite of that, it is shown to possess a relatively large surface free energy. The latter is traced to a surface entropy deficit, reflecting some kind of surface short range order. Finally, the solid-liquid interface free energy is derived through Young's equation from direct simulation of partial wetting of NaCl(100) by a liquid droplet. It is concluded that three elements, namely the exceptional anharmonic stability of the solid (100) surface, the molecular short range order at the liquid surface, and the costly solid liquid interface, all conspire to cause the anomalously poor wetting of the (100) surface by its own melt in the BMHFT model of NaCl -and most likely also in real alkali halide surfaces.

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Melting and nonmelting of solid surfaces and nanosystems

Cited by 155 publications

References 85 publications

Crystallization of ion clouds in octupole traps: Structural transitions, core melting, and scaling laws

Crystallization of ion clouds in octupole traps: Structural transitions, core melting, and scaling laws

The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences

Physics of solid and liquid alkali halide surfaces near the melting point

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