Melting behavior of waste glass cullet briquettes in soda‐lime‐silica container glass batch

Abstract

The melting behavior of representative container glass batch with and without the addition of 15wt% briquettes produced from waste cullet fine particles was investigated in the context of reducing both waste and glass melting energies. Carbonate raw material decomposition and reactions during melting were studied by DTA‐TGA‐MS. The decomposition kinetics of two batches, representing typical container glass batches with 0% and 15% briquette additions, were calculated by transformation degree based on the Ginstling‐Brounstein and Arrhenius equations. High temperature phase transitions and fractions of silica reaction in each batch were obtained from X‐ray diffractometry (XRD). The briquette additions accelerated the decomposition reactions and the silicate reaction kinetics by decreasing the activation energy for carbonate decomposition. Silica sand in the batch was shown to melt at lower temperatures with the addition of briquettes. Batch melting processes at different temperatures and briquette melting on top of the molten glass at high temperatures were investigated by macroscopic investigations of sample cross sections postmelting. The positive effects of briquette additions to container glass batches, in terms of increased melting rate and reduced batch reaction and decomposition temperatures, are supported by the results of this study.

Exploratory research in alternative raw material sources and reformulation for industrial soda‐lime‐silica glass batches

“…The presence of high levels of amorphous content suggests that these materials may form liquid phases more readily than the crystalline materials they partially replace during glass melting, and thus may require less energy to melt (owing to the absence of latent heats of melting associated with changes of state, combined with no decomposition reactions to drive) compared with the standard raw materials such as silica sand, soda ash, or limestone. This could conceivably enable specific energy consumption savings through reducing the time the raw materials need to spend in the furnace in order to fully dissolve sand grains and completely form the liquid phase …”

“…This could conceivably enable specific energy consumption savings through reducing the time the raw materials need to spend in the furnace in order to fully dissolve sand grains and completely form the liquid phase. 45,46 Table 5 shows the compositions of all benchmark and modified/reformulated glasses, analyzed by XRF. As expected, the GC series glass compositions show little variation with partial replacement of raw materials.…”

Glass Ingots from the Uluburun Shipwreck: Addition of Glass Cullet During Manufacture and Evidence for the Changing Context of New Kingdom Egyptian Glass Production in the Late 18th Dynasty

“…In any case, the texts demonstrate that LBA glassmakers were familiar with adding finished glass at various steps prior to final glass production. The addition of glass cullet would have had definite advantages in decreasing the required melting temperature and increasing the efficiency of the glass melt, thus lowering the overall energy required (Deng et al, 2019).…”

The feasibility of CO₂‐laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy for fast lead determination in glass cullet

“…The material cycle for glass packaging is well established in the European Union, proofing that an almost closed‐loop‐economy is possible for the valuable raw material glass . Besides the conservation of natural resources, the integration of recycled glass cullet into container glass production decreases the energy demand for melting and reduces CO 2 ‐emission . However, to ensure a continuous high quality of the glass packaging products, an accurate knowledge of the composition of the recycled glass cullet is necessary.…”

“…1 Besides the conservation of natural resources, the integration of recycled glass cullet into container glass production decreases the energy demand for melting and reduces CO 2 -emission. [2][3][4] However, to ensure a continuous high quality of the glass packaging products, an accurate knowledge of the composition of the recycled glass cullet is necessary. Otherwise, there is the risk of a longterm creeping accumulation of undesirable contaminants, in particular heavy metals.…”