Membrane approach to solid-phase extractions

Hagen, D.F.; Markell, Craig G.; Schmitt, George A.; Blevins, Dennis D.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(00)83309-7

Cited by 252 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Besides, the operation procedure is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, techniques aimed at overcoming these drawbacks have been developed, for example, flow injection extraction (FIE), 2,3 solid-phase extraction (SPE), 4,5 and solid-phase microextraction (SPME). [6][7][8] FIE was first described in 1978 independently by Karlberg and Thelander 2 and by Bergamin et al 9 In the conventional FIE procedure, the sample is injected into aqueous carrier stream that is merged with suitable reagent streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automation of Liquid–Liquid Extraction–Spectrophotometry Using Prolonged Pseudo-Liquid Drops and Handheld CCD for Speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in Water Samples

et al. 2005

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A simple spectrophotometric system, based on a prolonged pseudo-liquid drop device as an optical cell and a handheld charge coupled device (CCD) as a detector, was constructed for automatic liquid-liquid extraction and spectrophotometric speciation of trace Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in water samples. A tungsten halogen lamp was used as the light source, and a laboratory-constructed T-tube with two open ends was used to form the prolonged pseudo-liquid drop inside the tube. In the medium of perchloric acid solution, Cr(VI) reacted with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide (DPC); the formed complex was automatically extracted into n-pentanol, with a preconcentration ratio of about 5. The organic phase with extracted chromium complex was then pumped through the optical cell for absorbance measurement at 548 nm. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range of 7.5 -350 µg L -1 , with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993. The limit of detection (3σ) was 7.5 µg L -1 . That Cr(III) species cannot react with DPC, but can be oxidized to Cr(VI) prior to determination, is the basis of the speciation analysis. The proposed speciation analysis was sensitive, yet simple, laboreffective, and cost-effective. It has been preliminarily applied for the speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in spiked river and tap water samples. It can also be used for other automatic liquid-liquid extraction-spectrophotometric determinations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automation of Liquid–Liquid Extraction–Spectrophotometry Using Prolonged Pseudo-Liquid Drops and Handheld CCD for Speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in Water Samples

et al. 2005

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“…1(b)). 16,17 The bead/fiber mixed bed in a disk form typically consists of 90% of small beads as a sorbent and 10% of PTFE fiber in weight percentage. The interstices induced by mixing the fiber with the small beads alleviate the operating pressure required for a high flow rate compared with a small-bead-packed bed.…”

Section: ·2 Bead/fiber Mixed Bedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome these disadvantages of LLE, solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been developed as an alternative technique for the purification of trace and ultratrace elements, because SPE enables a simple and solvent-free operation. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Another reason for the progress of SPE is an extensive option of the "solid-phase" according to the volume of the sample solution and the properties of analytes. The solid, packed into a column or cartridge, works as a sorbent on the basis of various interactions, e.g., polar, nonpolar, and affinity interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of a Porous Sheet (MAPS) for the High-Performance Solid-Phase Extraction of Trace and Ultratrace Elements by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization

2010

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They exhibited that the optimization of the retention parameters, e.g., particle sizes, bed length, and sorbent, provides more reliable and less tedious procedures. Recently, automation approaches using flow-processing and on-line analyzers directly 2010 © The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry † To whom correspondence should be addressed. Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University, Inage, Japan In this review, the preparation of a novel porous sheet designed for solid-phase extraction (SPE) and a comparison of the preconcentration performance of metal ions with conventional sorbents are described. A porous sheet (MAPS) with an average pore diameter, porosity, and a thickness of 1.0 μm, 75%, and 2 mm, respectively, was modified into an sorbent used for solid-phase extraction, by radiation-induced graft polymerization. Ion-exchange and chelating groups were immobilized onto polymer chains grafted to the MAPS. Also, extractants were impregnated via a hydrophobic interaction with long alkyl chains introduced into the grafted polymer chains of the MAPS. The applicability of the resultant modified MAPSs was demonstrated by adopting them to analyses of real samples.

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“…Octadecyl-bonded silica membrane disks have been widely applied in the environmental analysis of pesticides, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, substances of biochemical origin and other organic compounds [20][21][22][23]. Moreover, this sorbent has also been used for the separation and sensitive determination of metal ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid phase extraction of zinc with octadecyl silica membrane disks modified by N,N’-disalicylidene-1,2-phenylendiamine and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

et al. 2008

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A procedure for separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of Zn(II) from aqueous media is proposed. The procedure is based on the adsorption of Zn2+ on octadecyl bonded silica membrane disk modified with N,N’-disalicylidene-1,2-phenylendiamine at pH 7. The retained zinc ions were then stripped from the disk with a minimal amount of 1.5 mol L-1 hydrochloric acid solution as eluent, and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Maximum capacity of the membrane disk modified with 5 mg of the ligand was found to be 226 μg Zn2+. The relative standard deviation of zinc for ten replicate extraction of 10 μg zinc from 1000 mL samples was 1.2%. The limit of detection of the proposed method was 14 ng of Zn2+ per 1000 mL. The method was successfully applied to the determination of zinc in natural water samples and accuracy was examined by recovery experiments and independent analysis by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS).

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Membrane approach to solid-phase extractions

Cited by 252 publications

References 9 publications

Automation of Liquid–Liquid Extraction–Spectrophotometry Using Prolonged Pseudo-Liquid Drops and Handheld CCD for Speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in Water Samples

Automation of Liquid–Liquid Extraction–Spectrophotometry Using Prolonged Pseudo-Liquid Drops and Handheld CCD for Speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in Water Samples

Modification of a Porous Sheet (MAPS) for the High-Performance Solid-Phase Extraction of Trace and Ultratrace Elements by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization

Solid phase extraction of zinc with octadecyl silica membrane disks modified by N,N’-disalicylidene-1,2-phenylendiamine and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

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