Membrane bioreactor fouling in sub-critical filtration conditions: a local critical flux concept

Distributions of critical flux: modelling, experimental analysis and consequences for cross-flow membrane filtration

“…Table 2. Fluctuations in drag force due to solvent velocity because of -porosity heterogeneity [4,6] -pre-fouling phenomena [18] Fluctuations in drag force due to relative particle/solvent velocity because of multi-body hydrodynamic interaction [16] Fluctuations in dispersiv because of distribution of membrane and particle pr Table 3. Value of mean critical flux, crit J , and its standard deviation, σ, (*10 -6 m/s) used to fit BSA filtration experiments with DCF model.…”

On the Purification of Agro-Industrial Wastewater by Membrane Technologies: The Case of Olive Mill Effluents

“…The concept of the critical lux, as the lux which can be successfully atained by a given membrane without incurring in fouling formation during operation time, was explained and proven by these scientists for MF membranes. The insight into the diferent fouling typologies was addressed by Bacchin et al and Ognier et al Fouling was explained because of local conditions that may trigger liquid/gel phases over the membrane layer and in the membrane pores caused by concentration polarization proiles [35,36]. Later, this concept was also extended to UF and NF membranes [4] and complemented with the concept of the threshold lux.…”

Dyeing and printing wastewater treatment using a membrane bioreactor with a gravity drain

“…Many researchers reported that the clogging of pores inside the membrane matrix contributes significantly to an increase of membrane resistance [14][15][16]. The higher the initial flux, the faster the clogging inside the membrane matrix.…”