“…Since Ca 2 þ seems to be a crucial regulator of the cell cycle necessary for proper proliferation (Bertolesi et al, 2002;Gray et al, 2004;Naziroğlu et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2000), the associated reduction of free [Ca 2 þ ] i observed in our experiments supports the clue that melatonin may contribute to the decline of proliferation also disturbing internal Ca 2 þ homeostasis. The G-protein-coupled melatonin MT1 receptors are expressed in MCF-7 cells (Girgert et al, 2009;Hill et al, 2011b;Jablonska et al, 2013;Jawed et al, 2007;Rich et al, 1999) and, via the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity (Jablonska et al, 2013;Jawed et al, 2007), their activation leads to the decrease of adenosine 3 0 , 5 0 -cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis. Considering that in MCF-7 melatonin affected cell functionality by a significant depletion of ATP levels (Margheri et al, 2012), we propose that the decrease of cAMP, leading to a decrease of PKA activity and channel phosphorylation, can be considered a crucial mechanism involved in the reduction of L-and T-type Ca 2 þ currents (Mahapatra et al, 2012;Novara et al, 2004;Sundelacruz et al, 2009), further stressing the evidence that Ca 2 þ channels are a target by which melatonin can modulate cell proliferation.…”