“…Accessing the redox system with artificial electron acceptors leads to an immediate increase in net proton secretion (Federico and Giartosio, 1983;Bottger and Lüthen, 1986), an increase (Grabov et al, 1993) or decrease (Ullrich and Guem, 1990) in cytoplasmic pH, and depolarization of the plasma ~~~ ~ This work was supported by grants from Deutsrhe Forschungs-' Present address: London University, Department of Biological membrane (Ivankina and Novak, 1988;Doring et al, 1990;Ullrich and Guem, 1990;Grabov et al, 1993). The nature of the link between redox activity and proton excretion is still under debate (Novak and Ivankina, 1978;Bottger and Lü-then, 1986;Rubinstein and Stem, 1986;Ivankina andNovak, 1988, Doring et al, 1990).…”