Membrane desalination technologies in water treatment: A review

Aliyu, Usman Mohammed; Rathilal, Sudesh; Isa, Yusuf Makarfi

doi:10.2166/wpt.2018.084

Cited by 61 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Mostly, membranes for pressure driven separation processes (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nano filtration and reverse osmosis) are made from synthetic organic polymers. These include polyethylene (PE), polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), polypropylene, and cellulose acetate among others [14]. Inorganic membranes are made from such materials as ceramics, metals, zeolites, or silica.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: A Review

2020

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In the face of water shortages, the world seeks to explore all available options in reducing the over exploitation of limited freshwater resources. One of the surest available water resources is wastewater. As the population grows, industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities increase accordingly in order to cater for the voluminous needs of man. These activities produce large volumes of wastewater from which water can be reclaimed to serve many purposes. Over the years, conventional wastewater treatment processes have succeeded to some extent in treating effluents for discharge purposes. However, improvements in wastewater treatment processes are necessary in order to make treated wastewater re-usable for industrial, agricultural, and domestic purposes. Membrane technology has emerged as a favorite choice for reclaiming water from different wastewater streams for re-use. This review looks at the trending membrane technologies in wastewater treatment, their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses membrane fouling, membrane cleaning, and membrane modules. Finally, recommendations for future research pertaining to the application of membrane technology in wastewater treatment are made.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: A Review

2020

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“…Contrary to the other industrial processes of desalination and salt recovery (e.g. Aliyu et al 2018), the natural extraction of salt based on the solar energy has low cost, hence giving more economic profitability.…”

Section: Methods and Materials Experimentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoeconomic interest of minerals assemblage of sebkha El Melah, southeastern Tunisia

Essefi

Tagorti²

2021

Water Practice and Technology

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This work aimed to study the formation of salt through a progressive evaporation of sebkha El Melah brine. The precipitated salt in the case of sebkha El Melah is variable along the progressive evaporation. Weights of salt after each phase of precipitation indicate a heterogeneous evaporation process cumulating at 315 g L−1. With an increasing evaporation of El Melah brine, the number of precipitated mineral species increased. The cumulative number of species along the evaporation process reached 20, including principally: Halite (NaCl) (73–95%), epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O) (7–14%), bischofite (MgCl2:6H2O) (1%), Kieserite Mg(SO4)(H2O) (0–2%), magnesite (MgCO3) (1–4%), polyhalite (K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4,2H2O). Also, the thermodynamic theoretical modeling of the El Melah brine shows convergence with geochemical and mineralogical experimental data. At an evaporation rate of 60%, the sebkha of El Melah annually provides with 315,000 tons of salt. The majority of salt (80%) is halite. The remaining 20% contains different species having a huge economic interest. From an industrial viewpoint, our study shows that the purity of halite is guaranteed at low rates of evaporation. Evaporation between 50 and 75% produces a mixture dominated by halite. Evaporation higher than 75% needs further studies to find the mineralogical composition and the phase of each mineral precipitation. The saline system of El Melah represents a geoeconomic interest due to the cheap natural process of production, its large quantity of halite with varieties of other accessory minerals, and cheap procedure of exportation.

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“…The efficiency of the membrane relies on its pore size, mechanical strength, surface charge and resistance to cleaning chemicals [ 100 ]. Commonly used pressure-driven membranes are made of synthetic organic polymers, including polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) and polyethylene (PE) [ 103 , 104 , 105 ]. However, membrane fouling is a critical issue in all pressure-driven membranes reducing the flux and life span of the membrane.…”

Section: Biopolymer-based Dye Removal Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Biopolymer-Based Dye Removal Technologies

2021

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Synthetic dyes have become an integral part of many industries such as textiles, tannin and even food and pharmaceuticals. Industrial dye effluents from various dye utilizing industries are considered harmful to the environment and human health due to their intense color, toxicity and carcinogenic nature. To mitigate environmental and public health related issues, different techniques of dye remediation have been widely investigated. However, efficient and cost-effective methods of dye removal have not been fully established yet. This paper highlights and presents a review of recent literature on the utilization of the most widely available biopolymers, specifically, cellulose, chitin and chitosan-based products for dye removal. The focus has been limited to the three most widely explored technologies: adsorption, advanced oxidation processes and membrane filtration. Due to their high efficiency in dye removal coupled with environmental benignity, scalability, low cost and non-toxicity, biopolymer-based dye removal technologies have the potential to become sustainable alternatives for the remediation of industrial dye effluents as well as contaminated water bodies.

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Membrane desalination technologies in water treatment: A review

Cited by 61 publications

References 56 publications

Membrane Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: A Review

Membrane Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: A Review

Geoeconomic interest of minerals assemblage of sebkha El Melah, southeastern Tunisia

Recent Advances in Biopolymer-Based Dye Removal Technologies

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