Membrane Distillation

Belessiotis, V.; Kalogirou, Soteris A.; Delyannis, Euridike-Emmy

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809656-7.00004-0

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Such a sharp increase is due to the exponential dependence of the vapor pressure on temperature, as reported in the literature. 44 A similar trend was also obtained by most reported studies. 45,46 In fact, the transmembrane water vapor pressure difference can be expressed as: 47 where b w , a w , g w and x w are the membrane DCMD coefficient, membrane activity, membrane activity coefficient and mole fraction of water, respectively.…”

Section: Effect Of Arsenic Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Removal of As(iii) and As(v) from water using green, silica-based ceramic hollow fibre membranes via direct contact membrane distillation

et al. 2019

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Section: Effect Of Arsenic Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Removal of As(iii) and As(v) from water using green, silica-based ceramic hollow fibre membranes via direct contact membrane distillation

et al. 2019

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“…The presence of non-volatile solute in the feed water decreases the vapor pressure of the feed solution. Therefore, the vapor pressure is a function of mole fraction of that component and can be expressed as [4]:…”

Section: Stage (Vapor Generation)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a typical MD setup, the trans-membrane temperature difference (temperature difference between two sides of the membrane) creates the vapor pressure difference, which drives mass transport [1][2][3][4][5]. The vapor is generated at the feed side and moves through the membrane pores to condense/get collected at the permeate side of the membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination by Membrane Distillation

Mustakeem¹,

Soukane²,

Nawaz³

et al. 2022

Distillation Processes - From Solar and Membrane Distillation to Reactive Distillation Modelling, Simulation and Optimization

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At present, around 25% of water desalination processes are based on distillation. Similar to classical distillation, membrane distillation is a phased-change process in which a hydrophobic membrane separates two phases. Membrane distillation is considered an emerging player in the desalination, food processing and water treatment market. Due to its high salt rejection, less fouling propensity, operating at moderate temperature and pressure, membrane distillation is considered as a future sustainable desalination technology. The distillation process is quite well known in desalination. However, membrane distillation emerged a few decades ago, and a thorough understanding is needed to adapt this technique in the near future. This review chapter introduces the classical distillation and membrane distillation as an emerging technology in the desalination arena. Heat and mass transfer and thermodynamics in membrane distillation, characteristics of the performance metrics of membrane distillation are also described. Finally, the performance evaluation of MD is presented. The possibility of using low-grade heat in membrane distillation allows it to integrate directly to solar energy and industrial waste heat.

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“…The processes in which membranes are used can be classified according to the driving force used in the process. Typically, the driving force can be concentration difference (∆C) (e.g., in dialysis), pressure difference (∆P) (most relevant membrane processes such as, e.g., reverse osmosis, ultra-and microfiltration), temperature difference (∆T) (e.g., membrane distillation) [3], or generally defined by the potential chemical difference. The driving force can also be the difference in electric potentials (E) in processes such as electrolysis, electrodialysis, and capacitive deionisation [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Specific Mechanism of Separation by Polymeric Membrane Modification—A Short Review

2021

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Membrane technologies have found a significant application in separation processes in an exceeding range of industrial fields. The crucial part that is decided regarding the efficiency and effectivity of separation is the type of membrane. The membranes deal with separation problems, working under the various mechanisms of transportation of selected species. This review compares significant types of entrapped matter (ions, compounds, and particles) within membrane technology. The ion-exchange membranes, molecularly imprinted membranes, smart membranes, and adsorptive membranes are investigated. Here, we focus on the selective separation through the above types of membranes and detect their preparation methods. Firstly, the explanation of transportation and preparation of each type of membrane evaluated is provided. Next, the working and application phenomena are evaluated. Finally, the review discusses the membrane modification methods and briefly provides differences in the properties that occurred depending on the type of materials used and the modification protocol.

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Membrane Distillation

Cited by 24 publications

References 105 publications

Removal of As(iii) and As(v) from water using green, silica-based ceramic hollow fibre membranes via direct contact membrane distillation

Removal of As(iii) and As(v) from water using green, silica-based ceramic hollow fibre membranes via direct contact membrane distillation

Desalination by Membrane Distillation

Enhanced Specific Mechanism of Separation by Polymeric Membrane Modification—A Short Review

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