Membrane extensions are associated with proper anterior migration of muscle cells during Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis

Viveiros, Ryan; Hutter, Harald; Moerman, Donald G.

doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.07.026

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Several genes have been found to disrupt ventral and anterior migration of BWMs, including lam-1 and -2 encoding laminin subunits and vab-2 encoding an ephrin ligand (Viveiros et al, 2011). Using parental injection RNAi and F1 animal expressions assays, we confirmed that hypomorphic function of lam-2 resulted in UNC-120-positive BWMs that failed to migrate properly by the 1.5-fold stage of embryogenesis, occupying positions that were more posterior and dorsal compared to wild type controls (Figure 5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of UNC-130/FOXD-mediated mesodermal patterning in C. elegans

Kersey

Brodigan

Fukushige

et al. 2016

Developmental Biology

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Spatial polarity cues in animals are used repeatedly during development for many processes, including cell fate determination, cell migration, and axon guidance. In C. elegans, the body wall muscle extends the length of the animal in four distinct quadrants and generates an UNC-129/TGF-β-related signal that is much higher in the dorsal two muscle quadrants compared to their ventral counterparts. This pattern of unc-129 expression requires the activity of the proposed transcriptional repressor UNC-130/FOXD whose body wall muscle activity is restricted to the ventral two body wall muscle quadrants. To understand how these dorsal-ventral differences in UNC-130 activity are established and maintained, we have analyzed the regulation of unc-130 expression and the distribution of UNC-130 protein. We have identified widespread, cis-acting elements in the unc-130 promoter that function to positively regulate ventral body wall muscle expression and negatively regulate dorsal body wall muscle expression. We have defined the temporal distribution of UNC-130 protein in body wall muscle cells during embryogenesis, demonstrated that this pattern is required to establish the dorsal-ventral polarity of UNC-129/TGF-β, and shown that UNC-130 is not required post-embryonically to maintain the asymmetry of body wall muscle unc-129 expression. Finally, we have tested the impact of the depletion of a variety of transcription factors, repressors, and signaling molecules to identify additional regulators of body wall muscle UNC-130 polarity. Our results confirm and extend earlier studies to clarify the mechanisms by which UNC-130 is controlled and affects the pattern of unc-129 expression in body wall muscle. These results further our understanding of the transcriptional logic behind the generation of polarity cues involving this poorly understood subclass of Forkhead factors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of UNC-130/FOXD-mediated mesodermal patterning in C. elegans

Kersey

Brodigan

Fukushige

et al. 2016

Developmental Biology

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“…Rather, we propose that preferential association of PGCs with endodermal cells may reflect differences in the relative stability of adhesive interactions that endodermal cells and mesodermal cells make with their neighbors. Mesodermal cells are highly mobile as they ingress from the ventral surface and in many cases migrate extensively within the embryo (Schnabel et al, 1997;Viveiros et al, 2011). Therefore, mesodermal cells behave like mesenchymal cells and must be able to make and break new contacts rapidly; by contrast, endodermal cells remain as a unified cell group (Schnabel et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An E-cadherin-mediated hitchhiking mechanism forC. elegansgerm cell internalization during gastrulation

Chihara

Nance

2012

Development

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SUMMARYGastrulation movements place endodermal precursors, mesodermal precursors and primordial germ cells (PGCs) into the interior of the embryo. Somatic cell gastrulation movements are regulated by transcription factors that also control cell fate, coupling cell identity and position. By contrast, PGCs in many species are transcriptionally quiescent, suggesting that they might use alternative gastrulation strategies. Here, we show that C. elegans PGCs internalize by attaching to internal endodermal cells, which undergo morphogenetic movements that pull the PGCs into the embryo. We show that PGCs enrich HMR-1/E-cadherin at their surfaces to stick to endoderm. HMR-1 expression in PGCs is necessary and sufficient to ensure internalization, suggesting that HMR-1 can promote PGC-endoderm adhesion through a mechanism other than homotypic trans interactions between the two cell groups. Finally, we demonstrate that the hmr-1 3Ј untranslated region promotes increased HMR-1 translation in PGCs. Our findings reveal that quiescent PGCs employ a post-transcriptionally regulated hitchhiking mechanism to internalize during gastrulation, and demonstrate a morphogenetic role for the conserved association of PGCs with the endoderm.

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“…C. elegans has four ephrins, vab-2/efn-1, efn-2, efn-3, efn-4, and one ephrin receptor, vab-1 (George et al 1998;Chin-Sang et al 1999;Wang et al 1999). Eph signaling has pleiotropic functions in C. elegans development, including (but not limited to) epidermal morphogenesis (George et al 1998;Chin-Sang et al 1999;Wang et al 1999) and muscle cell migration (Tucker and Han 2008;Viveiros et al 2011). Ephrins also have several documented functions in axonal navigation.…”

Section: Receptors and Adhesion Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetics of Axon Guidance and Axon Regeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans

Chisholm¹,

Hutter

Jin

et al. 2016

Genetics

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The correct wiring of neuronal circuits depends on outgrowth and guidance of neuronal processes during development. In the past two decades, great progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis of axon outgrowth and guidance. Genetic analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans has played a key role in elucidating conserved pathways regulating axon guidance, including Netrin signaling, the slit Slit/Robo pathway, Wnt signaling, and others. Axon guidance factors were first identified by screens for mutations affecting animal behavior, and by direct visual screens for axon guidance defects. Genetic analysis of these pathways has revealed the complex and combinatorial nature of guidance cues, and has delineated how cues guide growth cones via receptor activity and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Several axon guidance pathways also affect directed migrations of non-neuronal cells in C. elegans, with implications for normal and pathological cell migrations in situations such as tumor metastasis. The small number of neurons and highly stereotyped axonal architecture of the C. elegans nervous system allow analysis of axon guidance at the level of single identified axons, and permit in vivo tests of prevailing models of axon guidance. C. elegans axons also have a robust capacity to undergo regenerative regrowth after precise laser injury (axotomy). Although such axon regrowth shares some similarities with developmental axon outgrowth, screens for regrowth mutants have revealed regenerationspecific pathways and factors that were not identified in developmental screens. Several areas remain poorly understood, including how major axon tracts are formed in the embryo, and the function of axon regeneration in the natural environment. KEYWORDS netrin; semaphorin; ephrin; Wnt; Slit; Robo; fasciculation; DLK; growth cone; actin; microtubule; WormBook

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Membrane extensions are associated with proper anterior migration of muscle cells during Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis

Cited by 18 publications

References 63 publications

Regulation of UNC-130/FOXD-mediated mesodermal patterning in C. elegans

Regulation of UNC-130/FOXD-mediated mesodermal patterning in C. elegans

An E-cadherin-mediated hitchhiking mechanism forC. elegansgerm cell internalization during gastrulation

The Genetics of Axon Guidance and Axon Regeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans

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