Membrane fluidity and activity of membrane ATPases in human erythrocytes under the influence of polyhydroxylated fullerene

Abstract

The influence of fullerenol on the activities of human erythrocyte membrane ATPases and the fluidity of the plasma membrane as well as the possibility of fullerenol incorporation into the plasma membrane were investigated. Fullerenol at concentrations up to 150 μg/mL induced statistically significant decreases in the anisotropy of 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) (14%), N,N,N-trimethyl-4-(6-phenyl-1,3,5,-hexatrien-1-yl)phenylammonium p-toluenesulfonate (TMA-DPH) (7.5%) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) (9.5%) after a 1-hour incubation at 37°C. The effect disappeared for ANS and TMA-DPH, but not for DPH, after washing out the fullerenol. Incubation of erythrocyte membranes with fullerenol led to decreases in the activities of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (to 23% of the control value), Ca(2+)-ATPase (to 16% of control) and Mg(2+)-ATPase (to 22% of control). Washing out the fullerenol lessened the inhibition of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (37% of control) and Ca(2+)-ATPase (23.5% of control); however, it did not influence Mg(2+)-ATPase activity. Furthermore, fullerenol could associate with erythrocyte plasma membranes. Our results suggest that fullerenol associates primarily with the surface of the plasma membrane; however, it can also migrate deeper inside the membrane. Moreover, fullerenol influences membrane ATPases so that it may modulate ion transport across membranes.

C60 fullerene affects elastic properties and osmoregulation reactions of human lymphocytes

“…Presumably, hydrated C 60 fullerene nanoparticles influence protein and lipid components of the membrane, which, in turn, induce the change of the surface stiffness. The presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface of pristine C 60 fullerene in aqueous solution reported before by Prylutskyy et al (2014b) apparently allows C 60 fullerene to form numerous hydrogen bonds with protein domains and hydrophilic lipid ends of membrane (Grebowski et al 2013a). The association between hydroxylated C 60 fullerene and band three protein of human erythrocyte membrane has been proven experimentally (Grebowski et al 2013b).…”

Antioxidant comparative effects of two grape pomace Mexican extracts from vineyards on erythrocytes

“…DPH and TMA-DPH were incorporated, according to partition equilibrium, in the hydrophilic layer at the membrane surface (TMA-DPH) and the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer (DPH). Steady-state florescence anisotropy of TMA-DPH reflected the packing of membrane lipid fatty acid chains and an increase in TMA-DPH anisotropy indicated a reduction in membrane fluidity in the region of the bilayer where the probe was incorporated (Grebowski, Krokosz, & Puchala, 2013;Lukyanenko et al, 2013).…”

Fullerenols as a New Therapeutic Approach in Nanomedicine

“…The many hydroxyl groups present on the surface of fullerenol enable not only attachment of various compounds (including drug molecules), but also the creation of multiple hydrogen bonds with various components of biological systems (such as protein domains of the plasma membrane or hydrophilic lipid heads) [51]. Our experiments have shown that fullerenol can be adsorbed to erythrocyte cytoskeletal proteins [13] and this interaction can be used as a drug transport mechanism (Figure 3).…”