Membrane stiffness is modified by integral membrane proteins

Fowler, Philip W.; Hélie, Jean; Duncan, Anna L.; Chavent, Matthieu; Koldsø, Heidi; Sansom, Mark S. P.

doi:10.1039/c6sm01186a

Cited by 112 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…For bacteriorhodopsin, the bending modulus did not show any measurable dependence on protein concentration in the vesicles, but a significant reduction in bending modulus values was observed when Ca‐ATPase was added to giant unilamellar vesicles . Moreover, recent simulations have shown that integral membrane proteins can have diverse effects on membrane mechanics, either softening, neutral, or stiffening . None of these studies, however, have considered the effect of a large variety of proteins on the mechanics of membranes of complex lipid mixtures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomechanics of Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Vesiculation Pathways

Sorkin

Huisjes

Bošković

et al. 2018

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as important mediators of cell-cell communication as well as potential disease biomarkers and drug delivery vehicles. However, the mechanical properties of these vesicles are largely unknown, and processes leading to microvesicle-shedding from the plasma membrane are not well understood. Here an in depth atomic force microscopy force spectroscopy study of the mechanical properties of natural EVs is presented. It is found that several natural vesicles of different origin have a different composition of lipids and proteins, but similar mechanical properties. However, vesicles generated by red blood cells (RBC) at different temperatures/incubation times are different mechanically. Quantifying the lipid content of EVs reveals that their stiffness decreases with the increase in their protein/lipid ratio. Further, by maintaining RBC at "extreme" nonphysiological conditions, the cells are pushed to utilize different vesicle generation pathways. It is found that RBCs can generate protein-rich soft vesicles, possibly driven by protein aggregation, and low membrane-protein content stiff vesicles, likely driven by cytoskeleton-induced buckling. Since similar cortical cytoskeleton to that of the RBC exists on the membranes of most mammalian cells, our findings help advancing the understanding of the fundamental process of vesicle generation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] Moreover, recent simulations have shown that integral membrane proteins can have diverse effects on membrane mechanics, either softening, neutral, or stiffening. [9] None of these studies, however, have considered the effect of a large variety of proteins on the mechanics of membranes of complex lipid mixtures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanics of Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Vesiculation Pathways

Sorkin

Huisjes

Bošković

et al. 2018

Small

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“…37 Recent simulations reconcile some of these results by reporting how integral membrane proteins can have diverse effects on membrane mechanics, either softening, neutral or stiffening. 38 Here, we use atomic force microscopy (AFM) nano-indentation for mechanical characterization of RBC EVs. We use quantitative image analysis and show that RBC EVs remain in a rather spherical shape upon adhesion to the sample surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fluid Membrane determines Mechanics of Red Blood Cell Extracellular Vesicles and is Softened in Hereditary Spherocytosis

Vorselen

Dommelen²,

Sorkin

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…Given that ganglioside head groups support strong cohesive interactions with invasive toxins, and tend to facilitate membrane reshaping due to their high intrinsic positive curvature, we next explored the interaction of OMVs with more complex models of host membranes. [36][37][38][39][40][41] Both OMVs were simulated with a pre-equilibrated, [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] multicomponent plasma membrane model composed of POPC (25%), POPE (25%) 1palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidyl serine, or POPS (7.5%), GM3 ganglioside (5%), sphingomyelin (7.5%), cholesterol (25%) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate, or PIP 2 (5%). Table 3 and Table 4 summarize the findings from these simulations, which are described in detail below.…”

Section: Omvs Interacting With Model Plasma Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

To infect or not to infect: molecular determinants of bacterial outer membrane vesicle internalization by host membranes

Jefferies

Khalid

2019

Preprint

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Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical liposomes that are secreted by almost all forms of Gram-negative bacteria. The nanospheres contribute to bacterial pathogenesis by trafficking molecular cargo from bacterial membranes to target cells at the host-pathogen interface. We have simulated the interaction of OMVs with host cell membranes to understand why OMV uptake depends on the length of constituent lipopolysaccharide macromolecules. Using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, we show that lipopolysaccharide lipid length affects OMV shape at the host-pathogen interface: OMVs with long (smooth-type) lipopolysaccharide lipids retain their spherical shape when they interact with host cell membranes, whereasOMVs with shorter (rough-type) lipopolysaccharide lipids distort and spread over the host membrane surface. In addition, we show that OMVs preferentially coordinate domain-favoring ganglioside lipids within host membranes to enhance curvature and affect the local lipid composition. We predict that these differences in shape preservation affect OMV internalization on long timescales: spherical nanoparticles tend to be completely enveloped by host membranes, whereas low sphericity nanoparticles tend to remain on the surface of cells.

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Membrane stiffness is modified by integral membrane proteins

Abstract: Large coarse-grained simulations show that integral membrane proteins alter the bending rigidity of lipid bilayers.

Cited by 112 publications

References 90 publications

Nanomechanics of Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Vesiculation Pathways

Nanomechanics of Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Vesiculation Pathways

The Fluid Membrane determines Mechanics of Red Blood Cell Extracellular Vesicles and is Softened in Hereditary Spherocytosis

To infect or not to infect: molecular determinants of bacterial outer membrane vesicle internalization by host membranes

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