Membranes as a target for stress adaptation

Russell, Nicholas J.; Evans, Rhodri; Steeg, P.F. ter; Hellemons, Johan C.; Verheul, A.; Abee, Tjakko

doi:10.1016/0168-1605(95)00061-5

Cited by 247 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…a induction ratios by pH 3.5 and 5.5, respectively. tion of bacterial membranes, resulting in a decreased proton influx when pH of the medium falls (Russell et al, 1995). The consequence is that an equal lowering of external pH brings about a greater decrease in intracellular pH when bacteria are in rich media than when they are in minimal media.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and biochemical aspects of the acid survival of Listeria monocytogenes.

Phan‐Thanh

Montagne

1998

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and biochemical aspects of the acid survival of Listeria monocytogenes.

Phan‐Thanh

Montagne

1998

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…Generally, fatty acid composition changes in three ways in response to temperature fluctuation: acyl chain length, the degree of saturation, and the branch position of the fatty acids (36,37). The major cell membrane response to temperature changes for L. monocytogenes, for instance, is the alteration in the fatty acid component of the membrane's lipids; changes in the head group composition are generally minor (29,30). The fatty acid compositions determined for cells grown at 30 and 10°C reported here are consistent with published data (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature- and Surfactant-Induced Membrane Modifications That Alter Listeria monocytogenes Nisin Sensitivity by Different Mechanisms

Chikindas

Ludescher

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Nisin interacts with target membranes in four sequential steps: binding, insertion, aggregation, and pore formation. Alterations in membrane composition might influence any of these steps. We hypothesized that cold temperatures (10°C) and surfactant (0.1% Tween 20) in the growth medium would influence Listeria monocytogenes membrane lipid composition, membrane fluidity, and, as a result, sensitivity to nisin. Compared to the membranes of cells grown at 30°C, those of L. monocytogenes grown at 10°C had increased amounts of shorter, branched-chain fatty acids, increased fluidity (as measured by fluorescence anisotropy), and increased nisin sensitivity. When 0.1% Tween 20 was included in the medium and the cells were cultured at 30°C, there were complex changes in lipid composition. They did not influence membrane fluidity but nonetheless increased nisin sensitivity. Further investigation found that these cells had an increased ability to bind radioactively labeled nisin. This suggests that the modification of the surfactant-adapted cell membrane increased nisin sensitivity at the binding step and demonstrates that each of the four steps can contribute to nisin sensitivity.Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive, non-spore-forming food-borne pathogen that can grow at refrigeration temperatures (31, 41). L. monocytogenes has a sophisticated strategy to overcome environmental stresses, such as cold (23, 38), heat (35), an acidic environment (27), and osmotic shock (4). L. monocytogenes is of particular interest with respect to food safety due to its psychrotrophic nature (41), which may result in the enrichment of L. monocytogenes in foods at refrigeration temperature (15). This organism can pose a serious health threat to high-risk populations, such as immunocompromised individuals, newborns, and pregnant women. (42).Nisin is used as an antimicrobial agent against L. monocytogenes. The bactericidal activity of nisin is due to pore formation in the bacterial membrane (12), which occurs through a four-step process of binding, insertion, aggregation, and pore formation. The cell's sensitivity to nisin is influenced by the membrane's lipid composition (24), which might act on any of the four steps. Nisin-resistant L. monocytogenes has a lowered cellular phospholipid content and an altered membrane fatty acid composition. (11,24,25).The cytoplasmic membrane is the primary barrier between the cell and its environment. Environmental factors, especially temperature, influence membrane fluidity by modifying the membrane's lipid composition (19,23). The process of maintaining fluidity, called homeoviscous adaptation (34,29,45), is critical for cell growth at nonoptimal temperatures (5, 20). The concept of membrane fluidity covers the thermal mobility of membrane proteins as well as the microviscosity of the membrane lipid bilayer (33). However, the primary way that bacteria maintain constant membrane fluidity at different growth temperatures is by adjusting their fatty acid compositions (1,5,29). For instance, there are hig...

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“…The inhibition of bacterial growth on carcasses at refrigeration temperatures is a consequence of low-temperature stress undergone by microorganism. In fact, as the temperature decreases, the bacterial lag phase extends whereas the growth rate decreases and the ultimate cell numbers may decrease (Beales, 2004;N J Russell et al, 1995).…”

Section: Carcass Decontamination Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Control Measures for Bacterial Contamination in the Bovine Meat Chain: A Review on Salmonella and Pathogenic E.coli

Niyonzima¹,

Ongol²,

Kimonyo³

et al. 2015

JFR

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Salmonella and pathogenic Escherichia coli are known to be the major bacterial agents responsible for human foodborne infections attributable to meat. A review of the specialized literature was carried out to identify the risk factors for bovine meat contamination by these pathogens from the cattle farm to meat consumption. Animal stress during transport to the slaughterhouse and the duration of the lairage period were identified as the key factors influencing the faecal excretion of Salmonella and pathogenic E. coli as well as cattle contamination prior to slaughter. At the abattoir level, hides and visceral contents appear to be the main sources of pathogenic bacteria that contaminate carcasses along the meat production chain. Finally, temperature abuses during distribution and meat contamination by infected handlers were found to be important contributors to the post-slaughter contamination of bovine meat. The findings of this study indicate that efficient management of human food borne infections attributable to bovine meat requires an integrated application of control measures involving all actors along the meat chain, namely slaughterhouses, meat processing plants, distributors and consumers.

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Membranes as a target for stress adaptation

Cited by 247 publications

References 9 publications

Physiological and biochemical aspects of the acid survival of Listeria monocytogenes.

Physiological and biochemical aspects of the acid survival of Listeria monocytogenes.

Temperature- and Surfactant-Induced Membrane Modifications That Alter Listeria monocytogenes Nisin Sensitivity by Different Mechanisms

Risk Factors and Control Measures for Bacterial Contamination in the Bovine Meat Chain: A Review on Salmonella and Pathogenic E.coli

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