Figure . However, when VHL protein is lost in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, various cytokines and growth factors induced by HIFare enhanced vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF which stimulates angiogenesis of carcinoma, platelet-derived growth factor PDGF and transforming growth factor alpha TGF-, which lead to tumor growth, glucose transporter GLUT-and carbonic anhydrase IX CA IX , which leads to tumor cell survival in an acidic environment [ -]. NF-kB activity is also regulated by VHL protein, and cytokine-inducible transcription factors including NF-kB and STAT are activated in renal cell carcinoma [ -]. Renal cell carcinoma tissue and cell lines of the tumor express mRNA of IL-and IL-receptor [ , ], which may play a role in cancer cell growth in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Renal Tumor