Memory and incidental learning for visual frozen noise sequences

Gold, Jason M.; Aizenman, Avi; Bond, Stephanie; Sekuler, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2013.09.005

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The general behavioural pattern revealed here is reminiscent of the 'noise memory' effect first shown by Agus et al (2010; see also Agus & Pressnitzer, 2013;Andrillon et al, 2015;Gold, Aizenman, Bond, & Sekuler, 2014;Keller & Sekuler, 2015;Luo, Tian, Song, Zhou, & Poeppel, 2013). In that study naïve listeners readily remembered reoccurring white-noise snippets presented amongst novel noise bursts.…”

Section: Relationship To 'Noise Memory'supporting

confidence: 67%

Long-term implicit memory for sequential auditory patterns in humans

Bianco

Harrison

et al. 2020

Preprint

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To understand auditory scenes, listeners track and retain the statistics of sensory inputs as they unfold over time. We combined behavioural manipulation and modelling to investigate how sequence statistics are encoded into long-term memory and used to interpret incoming sensory signals. In a series of experiments, participants detected the emergence of regularly repeating patterns in novel rapid sound sequences. Unbeknownst to them, a few regular patterns reoccurred sparsely (every ~3 minutes). Reoccurring sequences showed a rapidly growing detection time advantage over novel sequences. This effect was implicit, robust to interference, and persisted up to 7 weeks. Human performance was reproduced by a memory-constrained probabilistic model, where sequences are stored as n-grams and are subject to memory decay. Results suggest that similar psychological mechanisms may underlie integration processes over different-time scales in memory formation and flexible retrieval.

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Section: Relationship To 'Noise Memory'supporting

confidence: 67%

Long-term implicit memory for sequential auditory patterns in humans

Bianco

Harrison

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Although noise is not representative of natural sounds, it is a unique tool to probe auditory [2] or even visual [9,10] perceptual learning. First, noise lacks semantic content, thus revealing pure perceptual learning.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual Learning of Acoustic Noise Generates Memory-Evoked Potentials

et al. 2015

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Experience continuously imprints on the brain at all stages of life. The traces it leaves behind can produce perceptual learning [1], which drives adaptive behavior to previously encountered stimuli. Recently, it has been shown that even random noise, a type of sound devoid of acoustic structure, can trigger fast and robust perceptual learning after repeated exposure [2]. Here, by combining psychophysics, electroencephalography (EEG), and modeling, we show that the perceptual learning of noise is associated with evoked potentials, without any salient physical discontinuity or obvious acoustic landmark in the sound. Rather, the potentials appeared whenever a memory trace was observed behaviorally. Such memory-evoked potentials were characterized by early latencies and auditory topographies, consistent with a sensory origin. Furthermore, they were generated even on conditions of diverted attention. The EEG waveforms could be modeled as standard evoked responses to auditory events (N1-P2) [3], triggered by idiosyncratic perceptual features acquired through learning. Thus, we argue that the learning of noise is accompanied by the rapid formation of sharp neural selectivity to arbitrary and complex acoustic patterns, within sensory regions. Such a mechanism bridges the gap between the short-term and longer-term plasticity observed in the learning of noise [2, 4-6]. It could also be key to the processing of natural sounds within auditory cortices [7], suggesting that the neural code for sound source identification will be shaped by experience as well as by acoustics.

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“…and Gold, Aizenman, Bond, and Sekuler (2014) took parallel approaches to study auditory and visual short-term memory. In each study, test subjects judged whether the temporal structure of the second half of a stimulus was the same as or different from the temporal structure of the first half.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory and learning with rapid audiovisual sequences

Keller

Sekuler

2015

Journal of Vision

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We examined short-term memory for sequences of visual stimuli embedded in varying multisensory contexts. In two experiments, subjects judged the structure of the visual sequences while disregarding concurrent, but task-irrelevant auditory sequences. Stimuli were eight-item sequences in which varying luminances and frequencies were presented concurrently and rapidly (at 8 Hz). Subjects judged whether the final four items in a visual sequence identically replicated the first four items. Luminances and frequencies in each sequence were either perceptually correlated (Congruent) or were unrelated to one another (Incongruent). Experiment 1 showed that, despite encouragement to ignore the auditory stream, subjects' categorization of visual sequences was strongly influenced by the accompanying auditory sequences. Moreover, this influence tracked the similarity between a stimulus's separate audio and visual sequences, demonstrating that task-irrelevant auditory sequences underwent a considerable degree of processing. Using a variant of Hebb's repetition design, Experiment 2 compared musically trained subjects and subjects who had little or no musical training on the same task as used in Experiment 1. Test sequences included some that intermittently and randomly recurred, which produced better performance than sequences that were generated anew for each trial. The auditory component of a recurring audiovisual sequence influenced musically trained subjects more than it did other subjects. This result demonstrates that stimulus-selective, task-irrelevant learning of sequences can occur even when such learning is an incidental by-product of the task being performed.

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Memory and incidental learning for visual frozen noise sequences

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Long-term implicit memory for sequential auditory patterns in humans

Long-term implicit memory for sequential auditory patterns in humans

Perceptual Learning of Acoustic Noise Generates Memory-Evoked Potentials

Memory and learning with rapid audiovisual sequences

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