Memory-Based Specification of Verbal Features for Classifying Animals into Super-Ordinate and Sub-Ordinate Categories

Soshi, Takahiro; Fujimaki, Norio; Matsumoto, Atsushi; Ihara, Atsushi

doi:10.3389/fcomm.2017.00012

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, fear provides individuals with a danger alert, leading to escape behaviors (Frijda, 1987;Lowe & Ziemke, 2011). To categorize and recognize discrete concepts, the presence of distinguishing features is essential (Deng & Sloutsky, 2015;Rosch et al, 1976;Soshi et al, 2017). Thus, these behavioral features, even though less central than other features, also function to discriminate between sadness and other emotional concepts.…”

Section: Part 2 Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Positive Features of the Sadness Prototype

Shirai

Nagamine

2020

Percept Mot Skills

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sadness, an emotional experience of daily life, is typically associated with negative experiences such as the loss of a loved one. However, sadness also has an adaptive function, as it can help us respond appropriately to environmental demands. While previous research has revealed positive functions of sadness, it is unclear whether laypeople recognize any positive aspects of sadness. In the present three-part study, we aimed to identify whether laypeople conceptualize any positive features of sadness. In Part 1, we asked Japanese participants ( n = 122) to describe the features of “sadness,” and their responses revealed 37 different sadness features, some of which were assumed to be positive aspects (e.g., meaning making). In Part 2, we asked a second group of Japanese participants ( n = 140) to rate the centrality of each previously named feature, and we then classified the features into either central or peripheral sadness features. At this point, participants reported positive aspects of sadness (e.g., co-occurrence of positive emotion). To confirm the differences between central and peripheral features, in Part 3 we examined automatic responses toward these features from a third group of Japanese participants ( n = 91) and demonstrated the relationship between the concept of sadness and its characteristic features. We presented these participants with a subset of the features of sadness and then asked them to complete a recall and recognition task. As expected, they recalled central features more often than peripheral features of sadness, and they generated false recognitions to central features. In conclusion, this three-part study indicated that there are positive features related to the function of sadness that laypeople can identify in their mental lexicon.

show abstract

Section: Part 2 Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Positive Features of the Sadness Prototype

Shirai

Nagamine

2020

Percept Mot Skills

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The distance matrix was projected to two dimensions. Detailed procedure of data collection of semantic similarity can be referenced to our previous study 48 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinctive responses in anterior temporal lobe and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during categorization of semantic information

Matsumoto

Soshi

Fujimaki

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Semantic categorization is a fundamental ability in language as well as in interaction with the environment. However, it is unclear what cognitive and neural basis generates this flexible and context dependent categorization of semantic information. We performed behavioral and fMRI experiments with a semantic priming paradigm to clarify this. Participants conducted semantic decision tasks in which a prime word preceded target words, using names of animals (mammals, birds, or fish). We focused on the categorization of unique marine mammals, having characteristics of both mammals and fish. Behavioral experiments indicated that marine mammals were semantically closer to fish than terrestrial mammals, inconsistent with the category membership. The fMRI results showed that the left anterior temporal lobe was sensitive to the semantic distance between prime and target words rather than category membership, while the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex was sensitive to the consistency of category membership of word pairs. We interpreted these results as evidence of existence of dual processes for semantic categorization. The combination of bottom-up processing based on semantic characteristics in the left anterior temporal lobe and top-down processing based on task and/or context specific information in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is required for the flexible categorization of semantic information.

show abstract