Memory Changes during Normal Aging

Barnes, Carol A.

doi:10.1016/b978-012475655-7/50008-3

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 249 publications

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“…Changes in various forms of memory function are hallmarks of aging in rats (see chapter 19 by Gold in this volume). Older rats have greater difficulty remembering spatial information and tend to use ineffective strategies while learning spatially driven tasks (Barnes, 1998). Although both male and female rats demonstrate age-related changes in learning and memory, the timing of changes reveals a sex difference that might be related to changes in reproductive function in the female rat (Markowska, 1999).…”

Section: Laboratory Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of estrogen on cognition: Implications for menopause.

Korol¹,

Manning²

2001

Animal Research and Human Health: Advancing Human Welfare Through Behavioral Science.

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Section: Laboratory Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of estrogen on cognition: Implications for menopause.

Korol¹,

Manning²

2001

Animal Research and Human Health: Advancing Human Welfare Through Behavioral Science.

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“…Across multiple species, including humans [ 30 , 31 ], monkeys [ 32 ], dogs [ 33 ] and rodents [ 34 , 35 , 36 ], performance on spatial navigation tasks declines with age, including remembering of spatial cues such as landmarks and other relevant environmental information [ 8 ]. In fact, one of the most consistent findings in the animal cognition literature is that aged rodents exhibit poor scores on working and reference memory tasks that require spatial navigation.…”

Section: Aging and Spatial Cognition: A Gonadal Hormone Perspectivmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps most considerably altered with age is spatial learning and memory. Spatial cognition depends upon medial temporal lobe structures such as the hippocampus, and involves the ability to navigate effectively through an environment including acquiring, integrating and retaining environmental features such as landmarks and other prominent cues [ 8 ]. Since the historic work of Tolman, learning to navigate through a new environment has been referred to as the formation of a cognitive map [ 9 ].…”

Section: Why the Study Of Cognitive Aging Is Important: An Introdumentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroscientists as Cartographers: Mapping the Crossroads of Gonadal Hormones, Memory and Age Using Animal Models

2010

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Cognitive function is multidimensional and complex, and research in multiple species indicates it is considerably impacted by age and gonadal hormone milieu. One domain of cognitive function particularly susceptible to age-related decrements is spatial memory. Gonadal hormones can alter spatial memory, and they are potent modulators of brain microstructure and function in many of the same brain areas affected by aging. In this paper, we review decades of animal and human literature to support a tertiary model representing interactions between gonadal hormones, spatial cognition and age given that: 1) gonadal hormones change with age, 2) age impacts spatial learning and memory, and 3) gonadal hormones impact spatial learning and memory. While much has been discovered regarding these individual tenets, the compass for future aging research points toward clarifying the interactions that exist between these three points, and understanding mediating variables. Indeed, identifying and aligning the various components of the complex interactions between these tenets, including evaluations using basic science, systems, and clinical perspectives, is the optimal approach to attempt to converge the many findings that may currently appear contradictory. In fact, as discoveries are being made it is becoming clear that the findings across studies that appear contradictory are not contradictory at all. Rather, there are mediating variables that are influencing outcome and affecting the extent, and even the direction, of the effects that gonadal hormones have on cognition during aging. These mediating variables are just starting to be understood. By aligning basic scientific discoveries with clinical interpretations, we can maximize the opportunities for discoveries and subsequent interventions to allow individuals to “optimize their aging” and find their own map to cognitive health as aging ensues.

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“…An increase in the number of memory disorders during aging has created an incentive to research and discover new medications that boost memory and prevent disorders (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Effects of Hydroalcoholic Zingiber Officinalis Extract in the Murine Hippocampus of Male Rat Offspring

Ghodrati¹,

Mahmoodi²,

Shahidi³

et al. 2016

Avicenna J Neuro Psych Physio

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Background: The hippocampus is responsible for memory. A diet full of antioxidants improves brain damage and cognitive function. Regard the antioxidant effects of zingiber officinalis (ginger) and its flavonoids components. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the extract of ginger on memory by using hippocampus tissue of the male offspring of rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 rats, 15 males and 45 females, were used. We separated pregnant female rats from males on the first day of pregnancy (determined by vaginal plug), and during days 16 -18 of pregnancy, via intraperitoneal injection, three groups received hydroalcoholic extract of ginger, with low (200 mg/kg bw), medium (400 mg/kg bw), and high (800 mg/kg bw) concentration doses. The control group did not receive anything, and the sham group received normal saline during these days. Then at day 50, the males offspring in each group were sacrificed, their brains were removed, and the hippocampus sections were prepared for microscopic studies. Data was analyzed by SPSS 20 and by using one-way ANOVA and then a Tukey post-test (P < 0.05 considered as the significance level). Results: This research showed that the number and thickness of pyramidal and granular layers of the CA1 and dentate gyrus areas of the hippocampus had increased in male offspring according to the increase in the ginger extract dose. Conclusions: It seems as though ginger extract, which contains compounds such as gingerols, shogaols, and zingerone, can affect memory ability in rats through these compounds' antioxidant properties by affecting embryonic acetylcholine content and place cells.

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Memory Changes during Normal Aging

Cited by 14 publications

References 249 publications

Effects of estrogen on cognition: Implications for menopause.

Effects of estrogen on cognition: Implications for menopause.

Neuroscientists as Cartographers: Mapping the Crossroads of Gonadal Hormones, Memory and Age Using Animal Models

Morphological Effects of Hydroalcoholic Zingiber Officinalis Extract in the Murine Hippocampus of Male Rat Offspring

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