Memory enhancement after drinking ethanol: Consolidation, interference, or response bias?

Tyson, Paul D.; Schirmuly, Monica

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)90326-3

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…There also are several reports, which showed that ethanol has effects when administered during post-training. In humans, ethanol administered after training actually facilitates learning ability for many tasks (Parker et al, 1980;Lamberty et al, 1990;Tyson and Schirmuly, 1994;Bruce and Pihl, 1997;Hewitt et al, 1996). However, conflicting results are reported in animal studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Since then, several studies reported the effect on humans. They revealed that post-training administration of ethanol improved verbal recall (Parker et al, 1980;Lamberty et al, 1990;Tyson and Schirmuly, 1994), visual recognition (Parker et al, 1981), verbal recognition (Bruce and Pihl, 1997), and kinesthetic memory (Hewitt et al, 1996). In animals, post-training ethanol treatment improves performance in a water-finding task in rats (Melia et al, 1986) and social memory in rats (Prediger and Takahashi, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethanol Enhances Reactivated Fear Memories

Nomura

Matsuki

2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Although ethanol has been shown to impair acquisition of memory, its effect on consolidated memories is not clear. Recent reports revealed that memory retrieval converted consolidated memory into a labile state and initiated the reconsolidation process. In the present study, we have demonstrated the effect of ethanol on reactivated fear memory. We used contextual fear conditioning where rats were conditioned with mild footshock, re-exposed to the training context for 2 min, immediately injected with ethanol or saline, and finally tested 48 h after re-exposure. Ethanol-treated groups demonstrated longer freezing and the effect lasted for 2 weeks. Reactivation is necessary for this effect. Injection of ethanol itself did not induce a fearful response. Reactivated and ethanol-treated rats exhibited longer freezing than non-reactivated controls, suggesting that ethanol does not inhibit the memory decline but facilitates the fear memory. Two minute re-exposures induced no or little extinction. The effect of ethanol was specific for 2-min reactivation, which induces reconsolidation. Moreover, we found that picrotoxin inhibited the memory enhancement that was produced by ethanol administered just after the reactivation. These studies demonstrate that ethanol enhances reactivated contextual fear memories via activation of GABA A receptors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol Enhances Reactivated Fear Memories

Nomura

Matsuki

2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Indeed for both classes of drug retrograde facilitation Ð an improvement of recall of items learned before ingestion of drug Ð is often found. This facilitation of recall may be due to a reduction in interference in the drug condition associated with the impaired formation of new memories due to the drug (Summer®eld and Steinberg, 1957;Ghoneim and Mewaldt, 1990;Tyson and Schirmuly, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of ethanol and temazepam on episodic and semantic memory: a dose-response comparison

Tiplady

Harding

McLean

et al. 1999

Hum. Psychopharmacol. Clin. Exp.

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Drug-induced memory impairment is most apparent for long-term memory, but it is unclear whether this eect is restricted to episodic memory with no eect on semantic memory. Here we compare how the formation of new semantic and episodic memories are aected by ethanol and temazepam. Eighteen subjects (12 male, 6 female; age 19±43 years; weight 52±104 kg) took part in ®ve sessions in which they received by mouth, in random order: (E2) ethanol, 0 . 8 g/kg, maximum 60 g males, 50 g females; (E1) ethanol, 75 per cent of the dose for E1; (T2) temazepam 20 mg; (T1) temazepam 15 mg; (P) placebo. They carried out a series of tests including learning of invented`facts, a measure of the acquisition of new semantic memory; the Buschke test, a measure of short-and long-term learning of words; Digit±Symbol substitution, a measure of psychomotor speed; and Visual Analogue Scales. Both acquisition of new semantic memory and the long-term measure from the Buschke were impaired by both drugs. The eects of ethanol were more marked than those of temazepam for the memory tests at the doses used here, particularly for the Buschke. Psychomotor impairment as assessed by Digit±Symbol substitution speed was equally aected by both drugs. Subjects rated themselves more drunk on ethanol than on temazepam, but drowsiness was similar for the two drugs. These results show that both drugs impair the acquisition of new semantic memory as well as new episodic memory, and suggest that it is new long-term memory formation that is impaired by these drugs and not the formation of a speci®c type of memory, such as episodic memory.

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“…Interest has focused on the e¤ects of a number of everyday commodities such as nicotine (Rusted et al 1995), ca¤eine (Riedel et al 1995) and even alcohol (Tyson and Schirmuly 1994), as well as on investigating the mechanisms responsible for alleged cognitive-enhancing smart drugs that are being developed (Wesnes et al 1990;Tang et al 1991). Some of the earlier works have highlighted the modulating e¤ect of glucose on memory in younger and older adults, as well as in animals (Gold 1986;Hall et al 1989;Benton 1990;Parsons and Gold 1992;Benton et al 1994;Foster, Lidder and Sünram, submitted), while two recent preliminary studies have drawn attention to the memory-enhancing e¤ects of oxygen administration Moss, Scholey and Wesnes, submitted).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuels for memory: the role of oxygen and glucose in memory enhancement

Winder¹,

Borrill

1998

Psychopharmacology

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Recent studies indicate that some aspects of memory can be enhanced by the administration of oxygen or glucose. Considering the dependency of glucose metabolism upon oxygen supply, the present study predicted that administering a combination of 100% oxygen with glucose would have greater memory-enhancing effects than when either substance was administered alone. In a placebo-controlled study, 104 healthy adults were given a glucose or placebo drink, and inhaled 100% oxygen or air for 1 min, before carrying out a number of everyday memory tasks designed to measure short-term and long-term memory. Results showed support for the enhancing effects of oxygen (but not for glucose) on delayed recall. These findings are discussed in relation to the possible cholinergic properties of oxygen and glucose and the implications for their clinical use.

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Memory enhancement after drinking ethanol: Consolidation, interference, or response bias?

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Ethanol Enhances Reactivated Fear Memories

Ethanol Enhances Reactivated Fear Memories

Effects of ethanol and temazepam on episodic and semantic memory: a dose-response comparison

Fuels for memory: the role of oxygen and glucose in memory enhancement

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