Memory for objects and parts

Ankrum, Corlene; Palmer, John

doi:10.3758/bf03212215

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This possibility could potentially undermine the generality of the current results and those of other studies showing part-based effects in whole-part matching tasks (e.g., Ankrum & Palmer, 1991;Palmer, 1977). The objection is unsatisfactory for a number of reasons.…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Structure of Three-Dimensional Object Representations in Human Vision: Evidence From Whole-Part Matching.

Leek

Reppa²,

Arguin³

2005

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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This article examines how the human visual system represents the shapes of 3-dimensional (3D) objects. One long-standing hypothesis is that object shapes are represented in terms of volumetric component parts and their spatial configuration. This hypothesis is examined in 3 experiments using a whole-part matching paradigm in which participants match object parts to whole novel 3D object shapes. Experiments 1 and 2, consistent with volumetric image segmentation, show that whole-part matching is faster for volumetric component parts than for either open or closed nonvolumetric regions of edge contour. However, the results of Experiment 3 show that an equivalent advantage is found for bounded regions of edge contour that correspond to object surfaces. The results are interpreted in terms of a surface-based model of 3D shape representation, which proposes edge-bounded 2-dimensional polygons as basic primitives of surface shape.

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Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Structure of Three-Dimensional Object Representations in Human Vision: Evidence From Whole-Part Matching.

Leek

Reppa²,

Arguin³

2005

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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show abstract

“…Experiments 2a and 2b were conducted to examine effects of stimulus dimensionality and connectivity on color change detection while controlling for other stimulus properties. Based on the previous research showing an advantage for 3D stimuli (Ankrum & Palmer, 1991 ; Lanze, et al, 1982 , 1985 ; Purcell & Stewart, 1991 ; Weisstein & Harris, 1974 ), we tested the hypothesis that change detection would be enhanced for 3D objects ( dimensionality hypothesis).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Object dimensionality refers to the more traditional meaning of dimensionality; that is, the number of dimensions each stimulus unit has (e.g., 2D shapes vs. 3D geons). While dimensionality is irrelevant to a color change, a history of visual cognition has shown that 3D object-like stimuli are easier to perceive (Purcell & Stewart, 1991 ) and also enhance perception (Lanze, et al, 1982 , 1985 ; Weisstein & Harris, 1974 ) and memory (Ankrum & Palmer, 1991 ) for line-drawn stimuli. Moreover, color change detection can be enhanced by including depth information in stereoscopic displays, when isolated colored squares are shown in different depth planes (Chunharas et al, 2019 ; Sarno et al, 2019 ; Xu & Nakayama, 2007 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual working memory for connected 3D objects: effects of stimulus complexity, dimensionality and connectivity

Gunalp

Meyerhoff

et al. 2022

Cogn. Research

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Visual working memory (VWM) is typically measured using arrays of two-dimensional isolated stimuli with simple visual identities (e.g., color or shape), and these studies typically find strong capacity limits. Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) experts are tasked with reasoning with representations of three-dimensional (3D) connected objects, raising questions about whether those stimuli would be subject to the same limits. Here, we use a color change detection task to examine working memory capacity for 3D objects made up of differently colored cubes. Experiment 1a shows that increasing the number of parts of an object leads to less sensitivity to color changes, while change-irrelevant structural dimensionality (the number of dimensions into which parts of the structure extend) does not. Experiment 1b shows that sensitivity to color changes decreases similarly with increased complexity for multipart 3D connected objects and disconnected 2D squares, while sensitivity is slightly higher with 3D objects. Experiments 2a and 2b find that when other stimulus characteristics, such as size and visual angle, are controlled, change-irrelevant dimensionality and connectivity have no effect on performance. These results suggest that detecting color changes on 3D connected objects and on displays of isolated 2D stimuli are subject to similar set size effects and are not affected by dimensionality and connectivity when these properties are change-irrelevant, ruling out one possible explanation for scientists’ advantages in storing and manipulating representations of complex 3D objects.

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“…In the mental synthesis task (Palmer, 1977, experiment III ; see also Ankrum & Palmer, 1991), comparisons of simple geometrical figures are used to assess holistic effects on segmentation and groupings. Holistic properties emerge only with the processing of all the parts and dimensions of a stimulus (Kimchi, 1992).…”

Section: Experiments 2 : Mental Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual Processing among High‐functioning Persons with Autism

Mottron

Burack

Stauder

et al. 1999

Child Psychology Psychiatry

149

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Two tasks were used to assess the processing of whole versus parts of objects in a group of high-functioning children and adolescents with autism (N = 11) and a comparison group of typically developing peers (N = 11) matched for chronological age and IQ. In the first task, only the children with autism showed a global advantage, and the two groups showed similar interference between levels. In the second task, the children with autism, despite longer RTs, showed similar performance to the comparison group with regard to the effect of goodness on visual parsing. Contrary to expectations based on the central coherence and hierarchisation deficit theories, these findings indicate intact holistic processing among persons with autism. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to apparently discrepant evidence from other studies.

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Memory for objects and parts

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

The Structure of Three-Dimensional Object Representations in Human Vision: Evidence From Whole-Part Matching.

The Structure of Three-Dimensional Object Representations in Human Vision: Evidence From Whole-Part Matching.

Visual working memory for connected 3D objects: effects of stimulus complexity, dimensionality and connectivity

Perceptual Processing among High‐functioning Persons with Autism

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